evapotranspiration decreased by 19% and
22% for the two catchments, showing that the increased
biomass of the vegetation only partly compensated for the
30% reduction in transpiration due to stomatal closure, as a
result of the higher atmospheric CO2 concentration.
[8] The aim of this study is to determine the sensitivity of
the hydrological system to a number of meteorological and
land use factors, which
/media/loftslag/vanRoosmalen_etal-2009-WRR_2007WR006760.pdf
of the glaciers. An up to 8 m thick winter snow layer
was measured in the accumulation area (∼4 m w.e.). Ice melt
of up 10 m w.e. was measured in the lowest part of the ab-
lation zone in summer, and 2 m w.e. was melted during win-
ter. Taking into account ∼2 m of annual rainfall, the runoff
from this part of the glacier was estimated as ∼14 m w.e. per
year; a surprisingly high value (Ahlmann, 1939
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-corrected SPOT 5
high-resolution geometric (HRG) images with 2.5 m
2.5 m spatial resolution, acquired in the autumn 2003
and (4) airborne polarimetric synthetic aperture radar
images observed simultaneously to the 1998 EMISAR
images and the EMISAR DEM viewed as a shaded
relief image (Magnu´sson et al. 2005b).
We estimate the average specific net mass balance (in
m yr1 w. eq.) as
bn r
DV
A1 N
/media/ces/Gudmundsson-etal-2011-PR-7282-26519-1-PB.pdf
; fax: +358 20 490 2590.
E-mail address: Noora.Veijalainen@ymparisto.fi (N. Veijalainen).
Journal of Hydrology 391 (2010) 333–350
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Hydrology
journal homepage: www.elsevier .com/ locate / jhydrol
Author's personal copy
narios from GCMs or RCMs, and with different emission scenarios
(e.g. Menzel et al., 2006; Minville et al., 2008; Prudhomme and Da
/media/ces/Journal_of_Hydrology_Veijalainen_etal.pdf
Manage- Basic Purchase Road Road net- Const- Acquisi- Govern- Com- Participati- Value Miscel- Total 2009
ment and road of equip- system work post- ruction tion of ment missi- on of the added laneous cost
operating manage- ment develop- poned-, of land grants ons European tax over- level
costs ment ment comprehen- build- and com- Regional De- heads
1991- 1991- sive- and ings pensation
/media/loftslag/Traffc-maintenance_expenditures.pdf
6 Net downward shortwave radiation flux at the surface .................................... 18
7 Net downward longwave radiation flux at the surface ..................................... 19
8Net downward total radiation flux at the surface............................................ 20
9 Upward sensible heat flux from the ground .................................................. 22
10 Air
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decade within the 2004–50
period, for the UKMO HadCM3, and the MPI ECHAM5-r3. . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
7 Mean annual surface air temperature and total precipitation during the 1961–90
control period, and linear trends within the 1958–2001 period, for the ERA-40
reanalyses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
8 Differences between the RCM and underlying
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................................................................................................................... 8
Liss M. Andreassen, Hallgeir Elvehøy, Sindre Engh and Bjarne Kjøllmoen ..................... 9
Lidar measurements of Norwegian glaciers – an overview
Neil Arnold* and Gareth Rees .............................................................................................. 10
Calculation of glacier velocity from repeat
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..................................................................................... 7
2.3 Meteorological data ................................................................................ 8
2.4 Other data ............................................................................................ 8
3 Index flood method ...................................................................................... 11
3.1 General
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