and our intention is to run these models dur-
ing times of hazardous events and even on a daily
basis to further improve monitoring.
Avalanche monitoring has progressed. The em-
phasis is now on improving our services, especially
to the Icelandic Road and Coastal Administration
with regard to transport. The reason is that com-
munity structure has changed considerably in recent
years and the need
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/arsskyrslur/VED_AnnualReport-2013_screen.pdf
Manage- Basic Purchase Road Road net- Const- Acquisi- Govern- Com- Participati- Value Miscel- Total 2009
ment and road of equip- system work post- ruction tion of ment missi- on of the added laneous cost
operating manage- ment develop- poned-, of land grants ons European tax over- level
costs ment ment comprehen- build- and com- Regional De- heads
1991- 1991- sive- and ings pensation
/media/loftslag/Traffc-maintenance_expenditures.pdf
/lexuriserv/lexuriserv.do?uri=com:2007:0002:FIN:EN:PDF, 13
April 2009.
[2] WTO, World Tourism Organization (2008): “Climate Change and Tourism -
Responding to Global Challenges”, UNWTO, 9 July 2008, Madrid, Spain.
Available at:
http://www.unwto.org/media/news/en/press_det.php?id=1411&idioma=E, 7
March 2010.
[3] Mooney, J.E. y Miller, M.L. (2009): “Climate change: Creating demand for
sustainable
/media/loftslag/ECONOMIC_EFFECTS_OF_CLIMATE_CHANGE_ON_THE_TOURISM_SECTOR_IN_SPAIN.pdf
2 mm/yr in northern Denmark and down to almost 0 mm/yr in the
South (Miljø- og Fødevareministeriet / Miljøstyrelsen, DTU Space, and Geodatstyrelsen, 2016). In
(figure 1), the land uplift relative to the geoid from the official NKG2016LU land uplift model (Olav
Vestøl et al., 2019) that was developed in 2016 and is used in the Nordic and Baltic countries, is
shown for the Scandinavian countries
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2020/VI_2020_005.pdf
improving
management policies and practices by learning from the
outcomes of implemented management strategies. Partici-
patory integrated assessment is here a form of problem
structuring for identification of gaps, ambiguity and
multiple frames, confrontation, and integration of the
most divergent views with respect to a given problem
situation.
Additional methods and tools that AM require com/media/loftslag/Henriksen_Barlebo-2008-AWM_BBN-Journ_Env_Management.pdf
a realistic
description of fast-rising jökulhlaups.
iv
Ágrip
Í Skaftá hafa mælst 45 jökulhlaup síðan 1955. Þessi hlaup vaxa hraðar en hefðbundin
jökulhlaup frá Grímsvötnum og hafa því verið nefnd „hraðvaxandi jökulhlaup“. Þau
eru upprunnin úr lónum sem eru undir eystri og vestari Skaftárkatli í vestanverðum
Vatnajökli. Kötlunum er viðhaldið af jarðhita.
Út frá gögnum um rúmmál hlaupvatns er
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2009/VI_2009_006_tt.pdf
were carried out to obtain the flow and
sliding parameters for Hoffellsjökull that resulted in a good
simulation of the observed 20th century evolution of the
glacier geometry. The obtained values for the rate factor
and the sliding parameter are A= 4.6× 10−15 s−1 kPa−3 and
C = 10× 10−15 m a−1 Pa−3, respectively.
The ice divide is kept at a fixed location in the model com-
putations presented here
/media/ces/Adalgeirsdottir-etal-tc-5-961-2011.pdf
indicate that
inhabited regions might be exposed to heavy tephra fallout. In the light of this outcome it is
recommended that exposed regions have in place plans to implement regular roof cleaning to
avoid accumulation of critical load potentially causing collapse and damages to house and
buildings.
11
Ágrip
Eldgos eru margvísleg og geta þróast á mismunandi hátt. Í sprengigosi
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2020/VI_2020_004.pdf