Manage- Basic Purchase Road Road net- Const- Acquisi- Govern- Com- Participati- Value Miscel- Total 2009
ment and road of equip- system work post- ruction tion of ment missi- on of the added laneous cost
operating manage- ment develop- poned-, of land grants ons European tax over- level
costs ment ment comprehen- build- and com- Regional De- heads
1991- 1991- sive- and ings pensation
/media/loftslag/Traffc-maintenance_expenditures.pdf
of how climate change will
impact our countries” says Árni.A sustainable solution Powered entirely by Icelandic hydropower and geothermal energy sources
and taking advantage of the local tempered climate for keeping the
supercomputer components cool, the running costs and CO2 footprint
will be kept to a minimum, saving tonnes of CO2 in line with the
four nations' efforts towards reaching Net/about-imo/news/joining-forces-in-weather-forecasting-and-climate-research
dioxide (CO2) is the most important anthropogenic GHG.
Its annual emissions have grown between 1970 and 2004 by about
80%, from 21 to 38 gigatonnes (Gt), and represented 77% of total
anthropogenic GHG emissions in 2004 (Figure 2.1). The rate of
growth of CO2-eq emissions was much higher during the recent
10-year period of 1995-2004 (0.92 GtCO2-eq per year) than during
the previous period of 1970
/media/loftslag/IPPC-2007-ar4_syr.pdf
1998] and RCM output such
as incoming and outgoing, short- and long-wave radiation,
temperature, water vapor pressure, and wind speed:
ETref ¼
0:408D Rn Gð Þ þ g 900T þ 273 u2 es eað Þ
Dþ g 1þ 0:34u2ð Þ ð3Þ
where ETref is reference evapotranspiration (mm d1), Rn is
net radiation at the crop surface (MJ m2 d1), G is soil heat
flux density (MJ m2 d1), T is mean daily air temperature
at 2 m
/media/loftslag/vanRoosmalen_etal-2009-WRR_2007WR006760.pdf
Elvehøy, H., Guðmundsson, S., Hock, R., Machguth, H., Melvold, K., Pálsson, F., Radic, V.,
Sigurðsson, O. and Þorsteinsson, Þ.
The impact of climate change on glaciers and glacial runoff in the Nordic countries .......................................... 38
Radic, V. and Hock, R.
Volume changes of the glaciers in Scandinavia and Iceland in the 21st century
/media/ces/ces-oslo2010_proceedings.pdf
University of Innsbruck, Austria
36 Michael Studinger* NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA
37 Guðmundur Valsson National Land Survey of Iceland
38 Christian Wever TopScan GmbH, Germany
39 Ian Willis Scott Polar Res. Inst. (SPRI), Univ. of Cambridge, UK
* Video conference
Lidar measurements of the cryosphere
Reykholt, Iceland, June 20–21, 2013
Andreassen and others 9
Lidar measurements
/media/vatnafar/joklar/Reykholt-abstracts.pdf
recorded at 5-13 km depth, but fewer than
yesterday.
GPS deformation: Measurements from around Eyjafjallajökull indicate no major net
discplaceaments, suggesting a stabilization of the surface deformation
since yesterday.
Other remarks: Grainsize analysis of samples taken of ash that fell on May 3rd at 64
km distance from the eruption site shows that about 5 % of the ash is
smaller
/media/jar/Eyjafjallajokull_status_2010-05-07_IES_IMO.pdf
opportunity evaluation
Case studies
NOE Net
SEAS-NVE
Findings of case studies
• Distribution companies generally well
equipped for climate change
– Cabling of all overhead lines well under way
– Distribution boxes in areas with increased risk of
flooding are elevated already
– Salt spray further inland is becoming an increasing
problem for substations and transformers
Cabling in Denmark
/media/ces/James-Smith_Edward_CES_2010.pdf