the winter, but weakens
and spreads northeast during the summer. The highest wintertime precipitation occurs southwest
10
Figure 3. Seasonal mean fields in winter ((a) and (c)) and summer ((b) and (d)). (a) and
(b): daily precipitation (coloured contours), 500 hPa geopotential height in metres (red
contour lines), and 250 hPa geopotential height (white contour lines). (c) and (d): sea
surface temperature
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_005.pdf
grid points on Hellisheiði (blue and cyan
lines), and for two grid points on Skagi (red and magenta lines).
speed, but also with air density. To simplify wind energy assessments, and to allow for the use
of Weibull statistics, it is commonly assumed that air density, r , is not correlated in time with
wind speed, at least on a seasonal basis (Hennessey, 1977). Average wind power density
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2013/2013_001_Nawri_et_al.pdf
aversion should influence the first mover’s decision. The
98 Public Choice (2012) 151:91–119
Fi
g.
1
O
pt
im
al
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
de
pe
nd
in
g
o
n
α
,
r
an
d
p
Public Choice (2012) 151:91–119 99
Table 1 The predicted effect of
intrinsic preferences on first and
second movers’ contributions
1st mover 2nd mover
Disadvantageous Negative None
inequity aversion
Advantageous None Positive
inequity
/media/loftslag/Public-Choice-2012---Teyssier---Inequity-and-risk-aversion-in-sequential-public-good-games.pdf
not representative of present or future climate
conditions?
Winter mean T in Helsinki (1961-2008)
1961-
20081961-
1990
Temperature (°C)
P
r
o
b
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
d
e
n
s
i
t
y
-12 4
Simplest case: change in mean climate,
with no change in the magnitude of variability
If variability changes as well, the two tails of the distribution
(e.g., warm and cold) will be affected differently.
IPCC (2001
/media/ces/RaisanenJouni_CES_2010.pdf
Hydrological Sciences Journal, 53, 100-111.
Kriauciuniené, J., Meilutyté-Barauskiené, D., Rimkus, E., Kays, J., Vincevicius, A. (2008). Climate change impact on hydrological processes in Lithuanian Nemunas river basin. Baltica, Vol. 21 (1-2), pp. 1-61. Vilnius. ISSN 3067-3064.
Lawrence, D., Haddeland, I. (2010). Uncertainty in hydrological modelling of climate change impacts in four Norwegian
/ces/publications/nr/1938
version of the manuscript.
References
Allen, R. M., G. Nolet, W. J. Morgan, K. Vogfjörd, M. Nettles, G. Ekström, B. H.
Bergsson, P. Erlendsson, G. Goulger, S. Jakobsdottir, B. Julian, M. Pritchard, S.
Ragnarsson, and R. Stefansson (2002). Plume driven plumbing and crustal formation in
Iceland, J. Geophys. Res., 107 (B8) 101029/2001JB000584.
Ágústsson, K., and Ó. G. Flóvenz (2005). The Thickness
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2009/VI_2009_013.pdf
that occur in Botnabrún or at the rim of Þófinn are debris slides. The size of the slides
varies depending on the source area.
C Mudslides or mudflows occur where there is an abundance of soils. They normally occur
in areas where the vegetation cover has been breached. Common occurrences in Seyðis-
fjörður are in the mountain Bjólfur and in the valley west of the settlement.
D Rockfalls are a common
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2016/VI_2016_006_rs.pdf
(Percent) By
Year Built Categories
Percent of Homes Damaged By Year Built
Categories
36
24
26
28
30
32
34
Pre 1980 80-96 97-2002 Post 2002
Percent Damaged
All Homes – Damage Per Square
Foot
All Homes - Damage Per Square Foot
2
2.5
D
a
m
a
g
e
P
e
r
S
q
.
F
o
o
t
0
0.5
1
1.5
< 120 120-129 130-139 140-149 > 149
D
a
m
a
g
e
P
e
r
S
q
.
F
o
o
t
Pre 1980
1980-1996
1997-2002
Post 2002
/media/loftslag/FMI_-_Disaster_Mitigation.pdf
Based on a report by
Verta et al. (2007)
92.
5
93.
0
93.
5
94.
0
94.
5
95.
0
M A MJ F J J A S O N D
Mean 19702000
Min and max 1970–2000,
natural rating curve
Target water level zone 1
Target water level zone 2
Q=+20%
Q=+10%
Q= 0%
Q=15%
Q=30%
92.90 m snow target 1
92.70 m snow target 2
Water level (m
)
Month
the regulation limits Lake Syväri has target water level zones, which are not legally
/media/ces/Water_resources_man_Veijalainen_etal.pdf