of the river network, km/km2
• The density of the micro river network, km/km2
• Monthly average temperature, °C
• Annual precipitation, mm
• Snow cover duration, days
• River feeding sources
• Snow melt, %
• Groundwater, %
• Rainfall, %
• Average annual runoff, l/s·km2
• Runoff of the drought/dry period, l/s·km2
Forest cover, %
Annual
precipitation,
mm
Snow cover
duration, days
Sources of rivers
/media/ces/Kriauciuniene_Jurate_CES_2010.pdf
was 5.1°C, 0.7°C above the 1961 to
1990 mean, but -0.4 below the mean of the last ten years (2010-2019).
In Stykkishólmur the average temperature was 4.5°C, 1.0°C above
the 1961 to 1990 mean. In Akureyri the average was 4.3°C, 1.1°C
above the 1961 to 1990 mean, but -0.1°C below the mean of the last
ten years. In Egilsstaðir the annual average was 3.9°C, 1.0°C
above the 1961 to 1990 mean
/about-imo/news/the-weather-in-iceland-in-2020
The
precipitation is corrected for wetting and aerodynamic
effects using the standard correction methods of Allerup et
al. [1998]. The average precipitation in the area equals
1073 mm/a. ETref is calculated using the Makkink [1957]
formula, and has an average value of 570 mm/a. The
average annual temperature is 8.2C with a maximum of
16.5C in August and a minimum of 1.4C in January.
[12] The central
/media/loftslag/vanRoosmalen_etal-2009-WRR_2007WR006760.pdf
Temperatures above zero °C during the day in the southern part, otherwise subzero temperatures.
Good Friday (21.03.08)
Calm northwesterly winds and partly cloudy in the west, but somewhat stronger wind and snowshowers in the northeast. No change in temperature.
Saturday (22.03.08):
Light southerly wind with some scattered precipitation the west, otherwise mostly dry. Somewhat warmer.
Easter
/about-imo/news/nr/1263
temperature for March
30.3.2012
On 29 March 2012 the maximum temperature at the station Kvísker in South-East Iceland, near the famed Jökulsárlón lagoon, soared to 20.5°C.
The temperature has never before exceeded the 20 degree-mark in Iceland in March. The record
/about-imo/news/nr/2459
in Iceland. For instance, at air temperature of -12 °C and wind speed of 12 m/s, the wind-chill equals -24°C in calm weather.
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/weather/articles/nr/1827
?
• Based on thermodynamic and heat
transfer models accounting for:
Wire
resistance
Solar
heating
Radiative
cooling
Convective
cooling
June 2010 7
How are ratings determined?
• UK network standards assume seasonal
average temperatures and worst-case
wind conditions, i.e. low wind speeds
Summer → 20˚C; Spring/Autumn → 9˚C;
Winter → 2˚C
• Real-time monitoring (‘dynamic rating’) is
not commonly
/media/ces/Cradden_Lucy_CES_2010.pdf
á meðal Klakkur SH, Sóley Sigurjóns
GK og Mánaberg ÓF. Höfðum samband við þessi skip og fengum upplýsingar um sjávarhita
og lofthita. Lofthiti var um -3°c og yfirborðssjávarhiti frá -0,9°c við ísröndina upp í plús 7,5°c
utan við ísnýmyndun. Semsagt mjög skörp hitaskil og gott fiskerí að sögn skipstjóra á
svæðinu.
Hafísinn er að þéttleika um 6-8/10 og nýmyndun íss greinileg um 2-3 sjml út frá
/media/hafis/skyrslur_lhg/hafisskyrsla_04012011.pdf
) scenarios for flood protection are proposed. Here we assume the
main threaten in future is flash flood from sea. We did not consider river flood, and neither the
ground water quality.
Table 1 Climate changes by 2100 under IPCC scenario A2
Temperature +3°C Precipitation +15%
Wind +4% Extreme event Increase
Storm strength +10% Sea level +1 m
Scenario building (BP & HG)
Scenarios
Developing
/media/loftslag/Group-1_Scenarios-for-AWM.pdf
through tomodel construction and use. Its popularity in natural resource management research is evidence, to someextent, of an acceptance of Haag and Kaupenjohann’s (2001) call for greater recognition of the difference
between modelling for scientic research purposes and for supporting policy- and decision-making, the latter
requiring, they claim, stakeholder participation.
Its popularity is driven
/media/loftslag/Hare-2011-ParticipatoryModelling.pdf