of events closely.
Photo: Sigurlaug Gunnlaugsdóttir.
Bárðarbunga
Pálmi Erlendsson, Bergur H. Bergsson and others installing GPS and com-
munication equipment. Photos: Þorgils Ingvarsson and Benedikt G. Ófeigsson.
I C E L A N D I C M E T O F F I C E / A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 4
5
The magma intrusion from Bárðarbunga
to the eruption site at Holuhraun and
related tremor pulses
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/IMO_AnnualReport2014.pdf
ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE TOURISM SECTOR
IN SPAIN
By
Ana Gargallo-Castel
Department of Business Administration
University of Zaragoza, C/ Ciudad Escolar, s/n
44003 TERUEL, SPAIN
Phone: 00 34 978 61 81 01. Fax 00 34 978 61 81 03
Email: gargallo@unizar.es
Luisa Esteban-Salvador
Department of Finance and Accounting
University of Zaragoza, C/ Ciudad Escolar, s/n
/media/loftslag/ECONOMIC_EFFECTS_OF_CLIMATE_CHANGE_ON_THE_TOURISM_SECTOR_IN_SPAIN.pdf
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Initial proposal 12 Catalogue of measures
Testing & revision 12 Revised catalogue of measures
Decision-making 2 Published catalogue of measures
*Objective Verifiable Indicators: the quantitative, qualitative, and time-bound measures that constitute evidence
/media/loftslag/Group5-Stakeholders_involvement.pdf
(alb: AWS)
MODELLING LONG-TERM SUMMER AND WINTER BALANCES
? The authors 2009
Journal compilation ? 2009 Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography 241
ed temperatures relative to –20°C to account for de-cay of snow albedo at temperatures below the melt-ing point, following a study by Winther (1993). Wetested both approaches, and chose to use –5°C asthe minimum for the accumulated temperature
/media/ces/GA_2009_91A_4_Andreassen.pdf
reached 25.7°C on the standard manned station outside the IMO offices, breaking the former record by 0.8°C. This is, indeed, rare as measurements in Reykjavík go back to the 1870s, and usually there are decades between temperatures above 23°C.
The last 10 years have been unusual in this respect. At the automatic station at the same site the maximum temperature was 26.4°C - also a record. Just
/about-imo/news/nr/1362
Av. Ed.
Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
Received: 21 March 2011 – Published in The Cryosphere Discuss.: 6 April 2011
Revised: 5 October 2011 – Accepted: 20 October 2011 – Published: 2 November 2011
Abstract. The Little Ice Age maximum extent of glaciers in
Iceland was reached about 1890 AD and most glaciers in the
country have retreated during the 20th century. A model for
the surface mass balance
/media/ces/Adalgeirsdottir-etal-tc-5-961-2011.pdf
magnitudes. (b) Seismic tremor amplitude in three different frequency bands. (c) Volcanic plume
height. (d) Number of lightning. Lightning and tremor amplitude roughly correlate with plume
height.
Intensifi ed human activity and a growing
population have changed the climate and the
land biosphere. One of the most widely recog-
nized human perturbations is the emission of
carbon dioxide (CO2
/media/jar/myndsafn/2005EO260001.pdf
not representative of present or future climate
conditions?
Winter mean T in Helsinki (1961-2008)
1961-
20081961-
1990
Temperature (°C)
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-12 4
Simplest case: change in mean climate,
with no change in the magnitude of variability
If variability changes as well, the two tails of the distribution
(e.g., warm and cold) will be affected differently.
IPCC (2001
/media/ces/RaisanenJouni_CES_2010.pdf