61, 1-18.
Oddur Sigurðsson (2011). Iceland glaciers. Í: V. P. Singh, P. Singh & U. K. Haritashya (ritstj.). Encyclopedia of Snow, Ice and Glaciers. Springer, Dordrecht, s. 630-636.
Árni Snorrason, Jórunn Harðardóttir & Þorsteinn Þorsteinsson (2011). Climate and Energy Systems – Project Structure. In: Þorsteinn Þorsteinsson & Halldór Björnsson (eds.), Climate Change and Energy Systems. Impacts
/about-imo/arctic/completed-projects/publications/
the contiguous USA. 30th Annual Applied Geography Conference, Indianapolis, October 2007. 10 pp.
Clausen, N.-E., Lundsager, P., Barthelmie, R., Holttinen, H., Laakso, T. & Pryor, S.C. (2007). Wind Power. In: J. Fenger (Ed.) Impacts of Climate Change on Renewable Energy Sources: Their role in the Nordic energy system, Nord 2007:003, 105-128.
Clausen N.E., Pryor S.C., Larsén X.G., Hyvönen R
/ces/publications/nr/1944
ANN−10
−5
0
5
10
15
20
delta w (%
)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17C
h
a
n
g
e
i
n
g
e
o
s
t
r
o
p
h
i
c
w
i
n
d
s
p
e
e
d
(
%
)
Change in wind over the Baltic Sea in 70 years time at the time of CO2-doubling
Chen and Aschberger, 2006
17
CM
IP
G
CM
s
A need for regional ensemble simulations
head2right Changes are uncertain
head2right Size and sometimes even sign
/media/ces/Kjellstrom_Erik_CES_2010.pdf
not representative of present or future climate
conditions?
Winter mean T in Helsinki (1961-2008)
1961-
20081961-
1990
Temperature (°C)
P
r
o
b
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
d
e
n
s
i
t
y
-12 4
Simplest case: change in mean climate,
with no change in the magnitude of variability
If variability changes as well, the two tails of the distribution
(e.g., warm and cold) will be affected differently.
IPCC (2001
/media/ces/RaisanenJouni_CES_2010.pdf
/j.jenvman.2007.05.009
Huntjens P, Pahl-Wostl C, Grin J (2010) Climate change adaptation in European river basins. Reg. Environ. Change, 10, 263-284. DOI 10.1007/s10113-009-0108-
6
IPCC (2007) Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 104 pp
/media/vedurstofan/PhD_course-Programme_26Aug2011-final.pdf
(measured at 9 am) month/year
rx_dag1
date of 24-hr maximum precipitation month/year
p
average sea level pressure
nh
mean cloud cover, oktas
sun
number of bright sunshine hours
f
mean wind speed (m/s)
Longer series for selected stations
Reykjavík from 1931
Stykkishólmur from 1823
Akureyri from 1931
Grímsstaðir from 1931
Raufarhöfn from 1931
Teigarhorn from 1873
/climatology/data/
We are hoping to find time to improve this glossary. Only a few items are available. For your relevant search, please click on one of the letters below:
A Á B C D E É F G H I Í J K L M N O Ó P Q R S T U Ú V W X Y Ý Z Þ Æ Ö
A
A: Icelandic abbreviation of East (compass direction, easterly, eastern).
ANA: Icelandic abbreviation of Eastnorthesast (compass direction).
ASA: Icelandic
/weather/articles/nr/1208
We are hoping to find time to improve this glossary. Only a few items are available. For your relevant search, please click on one of the letters below:
A Á B C D E É F G H I Í J K L M N O Ó P Q R S T U Ú V W X Y Ý Z Þ Æ Ö
A
A: Icelandic abbreviation of East (compass direction, easterly, eastern).
ANA: Icelandic abbreviation of Eastnorthesast (compass direction).
ASA: Icelandic
/weather/articles/nr/1208/
The International Forestry Review 12(5), p 28.
Alam, A., Kilpeläinen, A. and Kellomäki, S. (2010). Forest biomass for energy production ? Potentials, management and risks under climate change. Conference on Future Climate and Renewable Energy: Impacts, Risks and Adaptation, 31.5. ? 2.6.2010, Oslo, Norway. Conference Proceedings pp. 50-51.
Kellomäki, S. (2007). In: J. Fenger (Ed.) Impacts of Climate Change
/ces/publications/nr/1939
appears
to be driving a poleward expansion of the
subtropical dry zone (8), thereby reducing
runoff in some regions. Together, circulatory
and thermodynamic responses largely
explain the picture of regional gainers and
losers of sustainable freshwater availability
that has emerged from climate models (see
figure, p. 574).
Why now? That anthropogenic climate
change affects the water cycle (9
/media/loftslag/Milly_etal-2008-Stationarity-dead-Science.pdf