HYDROPOWER IN ICELAND
Impacts and adaption in future climate
Authors
Óli Grétar Blöndal Sveinsson (Phd)
Úlfar Linnet (MSc)
Elías B. Elíasson (MSc)
Landsvirkjuns system
•Installed power 1850 MW
• 96 % Hydroelectricity
• 4% Geothermal
•Production capacity 13 TWh/a
•Customer base
• 86 % Large industries
• 14 % Small businesses / Household
•No connection to other countries
•Reliability a major
/media/ces/Linnet_Ulfar_CES_2010.pdf
and Torfajo¨kull but not for Eyjafjallajo¨kull, rather than an actual sensitivity difference. Effects
of cold and dry years are ignored in the uncertainty calculation.
(a) (b) Using temperature at Vı´k (c) Using temperature at Hveravellir
AAR (%)
All seasons @bn=@T
(m w. eq. yr1 8C1)
Summer @bn=@T
(m w.eq. yr1 8C1)
All seasons @bn=@T
(m w.eq. yr1 8C1)
Summer @bn=@T
(m w.eq. yr1 8C1)
E 2025
/media/ces/Gudmundsson-etal-2011-PR-7282-26519-1-PB.pdf
Slunga 1994. Single and joint fault plane solutions for microearthquakes in South Iceland. Tectonophysics 237, 73 86.
Sigurður Th. Rögnvaldsson og Grímur Björnsson 1995. Upptakagreining smáskjálfta á Nesjavöllum í ársbyrjun 1995. Skýrsla Orkustofnunar OS-95034/JHD-05.
Sigurður Th. Rögnvaldsson og R. Slunga 1999. Kortlagning virkra misgengis ata. URL: http://hraun.vedur.is/ja/sprungur.html
/earthquakes-and-volcanism/conferences/jsr-2009/sigurdur/
Slunga 1994. Single and joint fault plane solutions for microearthquakes in South Iceland. Tectonophysics 237, 73 86.
Sigurður Th. Rögnvaldsson og Grímur Björnsson 1995. Upptakagreining smáskjálfta á Nesjavöllum í ársbyrjun 1995. Skýrsla Orkustofnunar OS-95034/JHD-05.
Sigurður Th. Rögnvaldsson og R. Slunga 1999. Kortlagning virkra misgengis ata. URL: http://hraun.vedur.is/ja/sprungur.html
/earthquakes-and-volcanism/conferences/jsr-2009/sigurdur
s
fro
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an
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ss
bou
ndar
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adaptatio
n
measu
res
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th
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Netherl
and
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hyd
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ic
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syst
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(loca
lleve
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an
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fo
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ist
(W
ee
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eg
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/media/loftslag/VanderKeur_etal-2008-Uncertainty_IWRM-WARM.pdf
at the bound-
aries. With longitude, l , parameterised as a function of latitude, f , these boundaries are at
l1 = 30
30
40
(f 40) (2)
and
l2 = 45
90
40
(f 40) : (3)
This suggests dividing the study domain into three parts: a western sector, with l < l1, covering
the region west of Greenland; a central sector, with l1 l < l2, including the region of the
Icelandic Low; and an eastern sector
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_005.pdf
Nesjum
0-5 5-10 10 15 20-15
2008-2018
1979-1989
Dæmi um ólíkt rennslismynstur.
100
9080
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Júní
mánaðarmeðaltal
Ársmeðaltal
Rennsli
m
3 /s
Sigurvegarinn í getraun Veðurstofunnar á Vísindavöku Rannís hlaut
heimsókn á Veðurstofuna að launum. Salka Elín Sæþórsdóttir ásamt
vinum sínum, Ými og Bjarti. Með þeim á myndinni er Ragnar Heiðar
Þrastarson, fagstjóri landfræðilegra
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/arsskyrslur/VI_Arsskyrsla_2018_vef.pdf
M A M J J A l
ll l
l
l
l
l
l
l
lll
l
l
lll
0 100 200 300
60
0
80
0
100
0
Days since Sept. 1st
Q
(m
³/s
)
vhm102
S O N D J F M A M J J A
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l
l
0 100 200 300
30
40
50
60
70
Days since Sept. 1st
Q
(m
³/s
)
vhm116
S O N D J F M A M J J A
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
0 100 200 300
20
0
30
0
40
0
50
0
Days since Sept. 1st
Q
(m
³/s
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_009.pdf
an important part of the runoff from many areas. In total, approximately
20% of runoff in Iceland originates from groundwater (Hjartarson, 1994a).
In the above mentioned previous simulation of runoff map for Iceland for the period 1961–
1990, groundwater was omitted. Effects of groundwater flowing across watershed
boundaries were simulated by scaling the precipitation for each watershed. On watersheds
/media/ces/2010_017.pdf