......................... 17
8 Monthly averages of SURFEX or projected 2-m air temperature ...................... 18
9 Local correction factors for 10-m wind speed ............................................... 19
10 Interpolated correction factors for 10-m wind speed ...................................... 20
11 Monthly averages of original or corrected temperature and wind speed .............. 21
12
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_005.pdf
and ice caps may be derived from data about the area distribution of ice bodies in the drainage
basin. Since the exponents g in the volume–area scalings v = csg for both ice caps and glaciers
TóJ 3 5.12.2009
Memo
Area (km2)
Volume
(km
3 )
50
100
50
100
150
200
250
50
100
150
200
250
a71
a71a71
a71
a71
10 50 500 500020 1000
1
5
10
0
100
0
2
2
0
20
0
200
0
100 10000
Icelandic ice
/media/ces/ces-glacier-scaling-memo2009-01.pdf
l l
l
l
ll
l l
l
l
l
l
ll l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
ll
l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l l
l
l
l
l
l l
l l
l
l
ll
l
l
ll
l
l l l
l
−20 −10 0 10 20
−
20
−
10
0
10
Prediction (°C)
R
ef
er
en
ce
(°
C)
vhm10 Analogue (D=1)
ME=−0.66RMSE=2.5
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_006.pdf
............................................................................................................... 19
Table 4. Predicted quantitative changes from 1961–1990 to 2021–2050. ......................... 20
7
1 Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of climate change on the hydrological regime in Iceland,
future projections of river discharge were made for two watersheds with the WaSiM
/media/ces/2010_016.pdf
striking
westwards and a group of N-S-striking pressure axis dipping 45 degrees from the
horizontal and more, suggesting that extensional forces play a large role. Figure 9 includes
the mechanisms of 82 out of the 99 earthquakes in total located between 17 and 26 km
depth and thus shows nearly the same results as described earlier for that interval, that the
tension axis is chiefly horizontal
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2009/VI_2009_013.pdf
%)
Ice-free ocean & Overcast 186 (20%) 22 (12%) 32 (17%) 40 (22%) 92 (49%)
41
whether this also holds for monthly averages. Based on data from an ongoing IMO reanalysis
project, this will be the subject of future analyses.
References
Brousseau, P., Berre, L., Bouttier, F., & Desroziers, G. (2011). Background-error covariances for
a convective-scale data-assimilation system: AROME – France 3D-Var
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_006.pdf
& Ólafsson, H. (2010). Validation of numerical simulations of precipitation in complex terrain at high temporal resolution. Hydrology Research, 41 (3-4), 164-170.
Christensen, J.H., Boberg, F., Christensen, O.B. & Lucas-Picher, P. (2008), On the need for bias correction of regional climate change projections of temperature and precipitation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L20709, doi:10.1029/2008GL035694
/ces/publications/nr/1680
from 5
years of continuous GPS measurements in
Iceland, submitted to Journal of Geophysical
VOLUME 86 NUMBER 26
28 JUNE 2005
PAGES 245–252
Eos, Vol. 86, No. 26, 28 June 2005
EOS, TRANSACTIONS, AMERICAN GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PAGES 245, 248
Forecasting and Monitoring a
Subglacial Eruption in Iceland
Fig. 1. (a) Map of Iceland illustrating the location of monitoring networks discussed in the text
/media/jar/myndsafn/2005EO260001.pdf
for more than 80 years in most parts of the country.
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Additional material and references:
Trausti Jónsson og Hilmar Garðarsson 2001. Early Instrumental Meteorological Observations in Iceland. Climatic Change 48, 169-187.
Ogilvie, A. E. J. og Trausti Jónsson, 2000. ’Little Ice Age’ Research: A Perspective from Iceland. Climatic Change. 48 9-52.
Páll Bergþórsson 1969a. An estimate
/climatology/articles/nr/1138