the Dyngjujökull glacier at 5 - 10 km depth. The dyke has
not propagated to the north-east, nor has it progressed to shallower depth. Today three
earthquakes exceeding three in magnitude have occurred on the caldera rim of Bárðarbunga (M
3.7 at 10:29, M 4.0 at 10:58 and M 3.4 at 13:02). These earthquakes were at depths around 2 - 5
km. They are interpreted as possible adjustments of the caldera due to changing
/media/jar/Bardarbunga_daily_status_report_21082014.pdf
demand of road transport services directly, e.g. climate change may
alter the supply chains in forest and food industries. The competitive position of road transport
may change for better or worse, depending on how other modes respond to changing
circumstances and risks, on the regulatory and costs effects of explicit adaptation policy, on the
interaction with other policies (mitigation, clean
/media/loftslag/Outline_for_the_case_Road_maintenance_in_a_changing_climate.pdf
Volume 24, Number 13
Water Resour Manage (2010) 24:3437–3459
DOI 10.1007/s11269-010-9614-z
Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources and Lake
Regulation in the Vuoksi Watershed in Finland
Noora Veijalainen · Tanja Dubrovin ·
Mika Marttunen · Bertel Vehviläinen
Received: 12 July 2009 / Accepted: 22 February 2010 /
Published online: 24 March 2010
³ Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010
Abstract
/media/ces/Water_resources_man_Veijalainen_etal.pdf
outburst flood in 2010
3.11.2010
Jökulhlaup from Grímsvötn subsides - 5 November 2010
The jökulhlaup (glacial outburst flood) from Grímsvötn that began near the end of October is now coming to an end. See thorough description in news on front page.
Assessment - 5/hydrology/articles/nr/2040
outburst flood in 2010
3.11.2010
Jökulhlaup from Grímsvötn subsides - 5 November 2010
The jökulhlaup (glacial outburst flood) from Grímsvötn that began near the end of October is now coming to an end. See thorough description in news on front page.
Assessment - 5/earthquakes-and-volcanism/articles/nr/2040
in
climate change adaptation should reflect the nature of the uncertainty sources and how they
interact with risk level and decision making: (i) epistemic uncertainties can be reduced by
gaining more knowledge; (ii) uncertainties related to ambiguity can be reduced by dialogue
Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change
DOI 10.1007/s11027-012-9366-6
J. C. Refsgaard (*)
Geological Survey of Denmark
/media/loftslag/2012-Refsgaard_etal-uncertainty_climate-change-adaptation-MITI343.pdf
a truck; destroy a small building or break a few trees.
1000 tonn
4
Could bury and destroy a railway car, large truck, several buildings or a piece of forest.
10.000 tonn
5
Could gouge the landscape; disastrous damage potential.
100.000 tonn
It is not always easy or obvious how to classify the size of an avalanche, however, the destructive potential is the predominant
/avalanches/forecast/help
outbreak.
Seismic activity in Bardarbunga continues to be strong. The strongest earthquake since noon on Friday, 5.
December, was magnitude M5,1 on Friday at 21:05. About 20 earthquakes between M4,0-5,0 were detected
since Friday and 10 earthquakes between magnitude M3,0-4,0. In total about 300 earthquakes were detected in
Bardarbunga since noon on Friday.
Little seismic activity
/media/jar/Factsheet_Bardarbunga_20141208.pdf
The rate of the subsidence in Bárðarbunga caldera had decreased substantially. But that is not the whole story. Ice is
subsiding into the caldera with the effect that the GPS station does not show any changes. The estimated depression
of the rock foundation of the caldera, in the light of the ice subsidence, is about 5 cm per day. The flow of magma
from under Bárðarbunga is believed
/media/jar/Factsheet_Bardarbunga_20150220.pdf