-2049. Projections are based on simulations performed
with 18 global climate models under the SRES A1B, A2 and B1 greenhouse gas scenar-
ios.
To facilitate reading the report, only the most essential diagrams and maps are included
in the main text, additional material being positioned in the appendix.
1 MODELLED SOLAR RADIATION DATA
The quantity examined is incident solar radiation (also termed
/media/ces/CES_D2.4_solar_CMIP3.pdf
1
Probabilistic forecasts of temperature and precipitation change based on
global climate model simulations (CES deliverable 2.2)
Jouni Räisänen1
Kimmo Ruosteenoja2
19 December 2008
1 Department of Physics, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
Email: jouni.raisanen@helsinki.fi
2 Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland
Email
/media/ces/raisanen_ruosteenoja_CES_D2.2.pdf
/ design,
availability, materials, ICT,
modal split)
26.8.2011Adriaan Perrels/IL 5
Categorising stages of adaptation
Passive Adaptation
- automatic in nature
and economy
- only ex post measures
(no anticipation)
Active Adaptation
- automatic in nature
and economy
- ex ante and ex post
policies
Emission scenario dependent
baseline (A1-T, B1, A2, etc.)
Reference costs and benefits
/media/loftslag/Perrels-CBA.pdf
ENSEMBLES
data archive) and their projected annual changes in temperature and precipitation in the Vuoksi
watershed by 2070–2099 compared with the reference period 1971–2000
No. GCM (see IPCC 2007) RCM Emission Abbreviation T change P change
scenario (◦C) (%)
1 19 GCM mean – A2 Mean-A2 4.91 18.4
2a 19 GCM mean – A1B Mean-A1B 4.29 16.2
3 19 GCM mean – B1 Mean-B1 3.09 12.1
4 ECHAM5/MPI-OM – A2
/media/ces/Water_resources_man_Veijalainen_etal.pdf
Assessment Re-
port (AR4).
Topic 1 summarises observed changes in climate and their ef-
fects on natural and human systems, regardless of their causes, while
Topic 2 assesses the causes of the observed changes. Topic 3 pre-
sents projections of future climate change and related impacts un-
der different scenarios.
Topic 4 discusses adaptation and mitigation options over the
next few decades
/media/loftslag/IPPC-2007-ar4_syr.pdf
1
Probabilistic forecasts of temperature and precipitation change by
combining results from global and regional climate models (CES Climate
Modelling and Scenarios Deliverable D2.3)
Jouni Räisänen* and Leena Ruokolainen
Department of Physics, P.O. Box 48, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
18 August 2009
*Corresponding author
Email: jouni.raisanen@helsinki.fi
/media/ces/D2.3_CES_Prob_fcsts_GCMs_and_RCMs.pdf