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-corrected SPOT 5
high-resolution geometric (HRG) images with 2.5 m
2.5 m spatial resolution, acquired in the autumn 2003
and (4) airborne polarimetric synthetic aperture radar
images observed simultaneously to the 1998 EMISAR
images and the EMISAR DEM viewed as a shaded
relief image (Magnu´sson et al. 2005b).
We estimate the average specific net mass balance (in
m yr1 w. eq.) as
bn r
DV
A1 N
/media/ces/Gudmundsson-etal-2011-PR-7282-26519-1-PB.pdf
); new long-term investment strategy prioritizing low- or zero-net carbon forms of
mobility
2040 Modal shift in logistics chains, especially within heavy industry.
3.3 Backcasting scenario narrative
Low-Impact Mobility Project Evaluation (LIMPE)
Climate change is occurring. Is it natural or anthropogenic? It doesn’t matter. Even
though the future is inherently uncertain, one certainty
/media/loftslag/Group4.pdf
1998] and RCM output such
as incoming and outgoing, short- and long-wave radiation,
temperature, water vapor pressure, and wind speed:
ETref ¼
0:408D Rn Gð Þ þ g 900T þ 273 u2 es eað Þ
Dþ g 1þ 0:34u2ð Þ ð3Þ
where ETref is reference evapotranspiration (mm d1), Rn is
net radiation at the crop surface (MJ m2 d1), G is soil heat
flux density (MJ m2 d1), T is mean daily air temperature
at 2 m
/media/loftslag/vanRoosmalen_etal-2009-WRR_2007WR006760.pdf
of snow days
throughout the entire study period, while trends in max snow depth go from mostly positive in
period I to mostly negative in period II, and both negative and positive in period III. Positive
trends in annual maximum snow depth occur mostly in colder regions, where precipitation
comes as snow at the height of winter. Number of snow days has decreased in both warm and
cold regions
/media/ces/ces-oslo2010_proceedings.pdf
areas, decreased level in areas with shallow groundwater
• Increased runoff (max) of 20-30 % from the catchment (See Fig. 4)
Figure 4 Simulated changes in monthly flow in Bygholm river (upper, left: mean, right: max) and
Hansted river (lower, left: mean, right: max)
Indirect effects caused by changes in the “structure of ecological systems” due to increase temperature
of 2-3 degrees
/media/loftslag/Horsens_case.pdf
increased net precipitation and increased rainfall intensity put pressure on the sewage
system and the lake dam. Flooding of the town is expected to occur more frequently. Future flooding
storms could be as high as 2,5 meters.
The challenges have been divided into two main themes: sea level change and rainfall.
NONAM Risk Assessment and Stakeholder Investment. Multidisciplinary Workshop
/media/loftslag/CASE_A___Jes_Pedersen_(Region_Midt,_Dk)_Introduction.pdf
increased net precipitation and increased rainfall intensity put pressure on the sewage
system and the lake dam. Flooding of the town is expected to occur more frequently. Future flooding
storms could be as high as 2,5 meters.
The challenges have been divided into two main themes: sea level change and rainfall.
NONAM Risk Assessment and Stakeholder Investment. Multidisciplinary Workshop
/media/loftslag/Case_A___Horsens_Fjord.pdf
(DGPS) equipment
in 2001. Continuous profiles, approximately 1 km apart,
were measured in the accumulation zone and a dense net-
work of point measurements were carried out in the abla-
tion zone. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) of the surface
and bedrock were created from these data (Fig. 2; Björns-
son and Pálsson, 2004). The estimated errors are at most
1–5 m (bias less than 1 m) for the surface
/media/ces/Adalgeirsdottir-etal-tc-5-961-2011.pdf
NONAM PhD course – Adaptive management in relation to climate change – Copenhagen 21-26/8/2011
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
1
Outline for the case Road maintenance in a changing climate
Introduction
Roads and transport systems are vulnerable to climate change impacts (VTT 2011; Koetse and
Rietveld, 2009; Regmi & Hanaoka, 2011; Road ERA-net 2009 & 2010
/media/loftslag/Outline_for_the_case_Road_maintenance_in_a_changing_climate.pdf