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ÁRSSKÝRSL A 2018
2
Á R S S K Ý R S L A 2 0 1 8
3 Frá forstjóra
4 Veðurstofan 2009–2019
12 Náttúrufar
18 Rannsóknir
20 Fjármál og rekstur
22 Ritaskrá starfsmanna
?Veðurstofa Íslands 2019
Bústaðavegi 7–9, 108 Reykjavík
ISSN 2251-5607
Efni ársskýrslunnar var unnið af starfsmönnum
Veðurstofu Íslands
Ritstjórn: Sigurlaug Gunnlaugsdóttir
Hönnun og umbrot: Hvíta húsið
Prentun: Prentmet
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/arsskyrslur/VI_Arsskyrsla_2018_vef.pdf
J. Roberts
Tinna Þórarinsdóttir
VÍ 2022-006
Skýrsla
+3 5 4 522 6000
vedur@ve d u r.i s
Veðursto f a Ísland s
B ú sta ð a rve g u r 7–9
108 Reyk j a vík
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 4
2 STUDY AREA
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2022/VI_2022_006_extreme.pdf
changes in many natural
systems. Moreover, it also presents, in a greater or lesser extent, economical effects in
nearly every sector of activity. In this context, the tourism will be particularly affected
[1; 2]. There will be regional and seasonal shifts in global tourist flows, leaving some
countries more vulnerable to shifting climatic conditions [3]. European Mediterranean
countries
/media/loftslag/ECONOMIC_EFFECTS_OF_CLIMATE_CHANGE_ON_THE_TOURISM_SECTOR_IN_SPAIN.pdf
of events closely.
Photo: Sigurlaug Gunnlaugsdóttir.
Bárðarbunga
Pálmi Erlendsson, Bergur H. Bergsson and others installing GPS and com-
munication equipment. Photos: Þorgils Ingvarsson and Benedikt G. Ófeigsson.
I C E L A N D I C M E T O F F I C E / A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 4
5
The magma intrusion from Bárðarbunga
to the eruption site at Holuhraun and
related tremor pulses
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/IMO_AnnualReport2014.pdf
a systematic com-
parison of results to observed precipitation has been carried out. Un-
dercatchment of solid precipitation is dealt with by looking only at
days when precipitation is presumably liquid or by considering the
occurrence and non-occurrence of precipitation. Away from non-
resolved orography, the long term means (months, years) of observed
and simulated precipitation are often
/media/ces/Paper-Olafur-Rognvaldsson_92.pdf
The recognition of geophysical precursors
to volcanic activity is a primary challenge
in volcano monitoring. That challenge was
successfully met by scientists at the Icelandic
Meteorological Offi ce (IMO) before the
1 November 2004 eruption of Grímsvötn, a
subglacial volcano beneath the Vatnajökull
ice cap, Iceland (Figure 1).
Seismic and geodetic precursors were prop-
erly recognized
/media/jar/myndsafn/2005EO260001.pdf
: Integrated water resources management; Water framework directive; Catchment modelling; Uncertainty
1. Introduction
New guidelines on water resources management emphasise
the importance of integrated approaches, cross-sectoral plan-
ning and of public participation (GWP, 2000; EC, 2003;
Jønch-Clausen, 2004). The commonly accepted approach inte-
grated water resources management (IWRM) is defined
/media/loftslag/Refsgaard_etal-2007-Uncertainty-EMS.pdf
by
rescaling a dimensionless regional flood frequency distribution or growth curve, qR(D;T ), com-
mon to all sites of the homogeneous region, with the so-called index flood, µi(D), of the target
site:
bQi(D;T ) = µi(D)qR(D;T ); (1)
where bQi(D;T ) is the estimated flood quantile, i.e. the T -year flood peak discharge averaged
over duration D, at site i. The regional growth curve, qR(D;T
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_009.pdf