with 20% and 2% for the HIRHAM experiments
using HadAM3H and with 30% and 7% for the ECHAM-
driven experiments for Middle Europe and Scandinavia,
respectively.
[18] RCM output is not available for the entire period
1961–2100 because transient RCM simulations are com-
putationally very demanding. Instead two 30-year time
slices are available; one representative for the climate in
the period 1961–1990
/media/loftslag/vanRoosmalen_etal-2009-WRR_2007WR006760.pdf
the validity of the ideal gas law, hydrostatic
balance, a piecewise linear vertical gradient of air temperature, and neglecting the effects of water
vapour. Pressure, p, as a function of height can then be derived through vertical integration of the
hydrostatic balance equation, and is given by
p(h(x;y);z) = p0 exp
g
R
Z h(x;y)+z
0
dx
T (x )
; (5)
where p0 is pressure at mean sea level, T
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2013/2013_001_Nawri_et_al.pdf
Systems is explained here on the Icelandic
Met Office web site.
The next meeting will be held on Tuesday 3rd of March 2015.
The National Commissioner of the Icelandic Police, Department of Civil Protection and Emergency Management
Almannavarnir www.avd.is/en Twitter: @almannavarnir
/media/jar/Factsheet_Bardarbunga_20150228.pdf
the principalmethods have not changed much over the years, theamount of field work has varied. In the first 15 yearsthe monitoring programme at Storbreen was com-prehensive, often three or more snow density pits
were dug, snow depth was measured at about 600points and ablation was measured on 30 stakes
evenly distri uted on the glacier (Liestøl 1967).Based on experience of the snow pattern, the ob-
servations
/media/ces/GA_2009_91A_4_Andreassen.pdf
/lexuriserv/lexuriserv.do?uri=com:2007:0002:FIN:EN:PDF, 13
April 2009.
[2] WTO, World Tourism Organization (2008): “Climate Change and Tourism -
Responding to Global Challenges”, UNWTO, 9 July 2008, Madrid, Spain.
Available at:
http://www.unwto.org/media/news/en/press_det.php?id=1411&idioma=E, 7
March 2010.
[3] Mooney, J.E. y Miller, M.L. (2009): “Climate change: Creating demand for
sustainable
/media/loftslag/ECONOMIC_EFFECTS_OF_CLIMATE_CHANGE_ON_THE_TOURISM_SECTOR_IN_SPAIN.pdf
; fax: +358 20 490 2590.
E-mail address: Noora.Veijalainen@ymparisto.fi (N. Veijalainen).
Journal of Hydrology 391 (2010) 333–350
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Hydrology
journal homepage: www.elsevier .com/ locate / jhydrol
Author's personal copy
narios from GCMs or RCMs, and with different emission scenarios
(e.g. Menzel et al., 2006; Minville et al., 2008; Prudhomme and Da
/media/ces/Journal_of_Hydrology_Veijalainen_etal.pdf
A survey on flood risk perception was conducted in the town of Selfoss from May to August 2009 among
the residents aged above 18. The respondents were proposed to draw the boundaries of areas flooded
from the beginning of the 20th century on an orthophotograph of Selfoss at scale 1:10.000. The spatial
representations of the flood area were processed with a regulated grid of 10 x 10 metres
/media/loftslag/Spatial_perception_of_flood_hazard_in_the_urban_area_of_Selfoss,_Iceland.pdf
areas
from 3 to 15,000 km2
3 GCM/RCMs (with SRES A1B emissions)
Echam5/HIRHAM5
BCM/RCA3
HadCM3Qref/HIRHAM
2 Methods for transferring RCM output
to 1 x 1 km grid
Delta change
Empirical adjustment method (met.no)
25 calibrated hydrological models
for 115 catchments
Flood frequency analysis for
200-year flood
⇒ Construct pdfs from
150 results for each catchment
Viksvatn (Hestadfjord) - 83.2
IS92a
/media/ces/Lawrence_Deborah_CES_2010.pdf