scale:
The Hierarchy Theory
• Emerged as part of a movement toward a general science of
complexity
• Rooted in various other disciplines but operationalised by
ecologists in the 1970s and 1980s
• Key references:
Allen, T. F.
H. and T. B. Starr. 1982. Hierarchy: perspectives for ecological
complexity. University Chicago Press.
Allen T. F.
H. and T. Hoekstra. 1992. Toward a unified ecology
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