the lightning cluster 10‒20 km to the north. The same wind correction as
applied for 2011 moves the eruption site estimate to about 4 km WNW of the correct site. By
applying a smaller wind correction (time constant of 200 s instead of 500 s) gives a perfect
match for Eyjafjallajökull for the day with the highest frequency of volcanic lightning (16
May 2010).
13
Figure 7
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2013/VI_2013_006.pdf
that is conducting some kind of
external review of a modelling study. The review may be
more or less comprehensive depending on the require-
ments of the particular case. The reviewer is typically ap-
pointed by the water manager to support her/him to match
the modelling capability of the modeller.
The stakeholders/public, i.e. an interested party with
a stake in the water management issue
/media/loftslag/Refsgaard_etal-2007-Uncertainty-EMS.pdf
directions,
around a given grid point (i,j), Gi, G j the maximum of these two gradients and n;m the number
of grid points in the east-west and south-north directions, respectively.
A perfect match between two situations leads to S1=0 and thus the smaller S1, the better. This
score has been used by e.g. Obled et al. (2002), Wetterhall et al. (2005) and Marty et al. (2012)
with either MSLP or Z
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_006.pdf
-out group, assuming the initiative is at the public
side.
Red: inside transport system; blue: direct impact on size & quality of demand for road vehicle
movements; grey: auxiliary services that strongly interact with effects of CC.
Various possible effects of climate change on road infrastructure and its users
The expected effects of a changing climate in Nordic countries imply among others
/media/vedurstofan/NONAM_1st_workshop_summary_v3.pdf
The trend analysis of future climate eliminates the direct use of a past baseline period in
the derivation of the scenarios and provides a consistent match with the recent climate
development. The statistical matching of the past climate observations with the trend lines
of the future climate, furthermore, provides an implicit bias correction. This is important
near Iceland because the RCM
/media/ces/2010_016.pdf
and Sutcliffe, 1970]
E ¼ 1
XN
i¼1
Qobs;i Qsim;i
2
XN
i¼1
Qobs;i Qsim
2 ð7Þ
where Qobs,i and Qsim,i are the observed and simulated daily
discharges, respectively, N is the number of observations,
and Qsim is the average simulated discharge. A perfect
match between simulated and observed values results in an
E value of 1. If the simulated values represent the
observations worse than
/media/loftslag/vanRoosmalen_etal-2009-WRR_2007WR006760.pdf
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/media/loftslag/Hare-2011-ParticipatoryModelling.pdf