domain in the eight
main cases. The periods calculated are the entire 21st century (2000–2100), the mid-
century (2041–2060), and the late-century (2081–2100). For explanation of these cases
see Table 3.
Case GCM,RCM,RCP Mid-century Late-century Entire 21st century
1 HAD,RCA4,45 .28 .27 .29
3 HAD,COSMO,45 .26 .25 .26
5 MPI,RCA4,45 .24 .16 .26
7 MPI,COSMO,45 .22 .15 .21
2 HAD,RCA4,85 .33 .41
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2017/VI_2017_009.pdf
& implementation
6. Information management & sharing
7. Finances and cost recovery
8. Risk management
9. Effectiveness of (international) regulation
As a useful starting point for operationalization, we
considered the River Basin Assessment framework devel-
oped by Raadgever et al. (2008). Raadgever et al. devel-
oped a framework including four regime elements (4–7).
Based on relevant literature (see
/media/loftslag/Huntjens_etal-2010-Climate-change-adaptation-Reg_Env_Change.pdf
area (total ice volume) is
the maximum x-value reached by each curve. The area distribution (left) will in a practical case
be determined from a glacier inventory for the watershed in question. The volume distribution
(right) is derived by transforming the area distribution with Equation (6) or (7) (see text for
explanation). Equation (6) with c = 0:048, g = 1:23 was used in the example shown
/media/ces/ces-glacier-scaling-memo2009-01.pdf
of land origin ▲•
Undetermined or unknown x
Table 3.3
Form of ice (Fa Fb Fc Fp Fs)
Element Floe size Symbo
l
Pancake ice - 0
Small ice cake; brash ice < 2 m 1
Ice cake 2-20 m 2
Small floe 20-100 m 3
Medium floe 100-500 m 4
Big floe 500 m-2 km 5
Vast floe 2-10 km 6
Giant floe > 10 km 7
Fast ice - 8
Icebergs, growlers or
floebergs
- 9
Undetermined or
unknown
- x
- 5 -
Annex I
Sample ice charts
from
/media/hafis/frodleikur/ice-chart_colour-code-standard.pdf
September 2014. The gray line represents relative displacement and the blue line the median value for 180 minutes. Earthquakes in the area are shown separately below (same x-axis, same timing). Enlarge.
The first two weeks as an example
Total subsidence from 12 Sept 2014 until 1 March 2015
The total subsidence of the glacier surface above the Bárðarbunga caldera since the equipment
/earthquakes-and-volcanism/gps-measurements/bardarbunga/caldera/
September 2014. The gray line represents relative displacement and the blue line the median value for 180 minutes. Earthquakes in the area are shown separately below (same x-axis, same timing). Enlarge.
The first two weeks as an example
Total subsidence from 12 Sept 2014 until 1 March 2015
The total subsidence of the glacier surface above the Bárðarbunga caldera since the equipment
/earthquakes-and-volcanism/gps-measurements/bardarbunga/caldera
the quality of the data. Therefore, a mobile X-band weather radar was purchased, but while this custom made radar was being assembled and tested, another was obtained on loan from the Italian Civil Protection Agency. The mobile radar is now situated near the town of Kirkjubæjarklaustur, 80 km from the eruption site in Grímsvötn. IMO staff members monitor the progress of the eruption using
/about-imo/news/nr/2183/
Impact of snow and cloud cover on the
surface energy budget over Iceland
based on HARMONIE model simulations
Nikolai Nawri
VÍ 2015-006
Report
Impact of snow and cloud cover on the
surface energy budget over Iceland
based on HARMONIE model simulations
VÍ 2015-006
ISSN 1670-8261
Report
+354 522 60 00
vedur@vedur.is
Veðurstofa Íslands
Bústaðavegur 7–9
108 Reykjavík
Nikolai Nawri, Icelandic Met
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_006.pdf
ANNUAL REPOR T 2014
2
I C E L A N D I C M E T O F F I C E / A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 4
?Veðurstofa Íslands 2015
Bústaðavegur 7–9, 108 Reykjavík, Iceland
The annual report was drafted by the IMO sta?.
Editor: Sigurlaug Gunnlaugsdóttir
Design and layout: Hvíta húsið
Printing: Oddi
ISSN 2251-5607
Cover photo: Gro Birkefeldt Møller Pedersen
I N D E X
4 Bárðarbunga
7 Rockslide
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/IMO_AnnualReport2014.pdf
Tremv-ALERT: A new early warning
system to detect volcanic tremor
Bethany Vanderhoof
Þórður Karlsson
Yesim Cubuk Sabuncu
Kristín Jónsdóttir
VÍ 2021-008
Skýrsla
Tremv-ALERT: A new early warning
system to detect volcanic tremor
VÍ 2021-008
ISSN 1670- 8261
Skýrsla
+ 354 522 60 00
vedur @vedur . is
Veður st of a Íslands
Búst aðaveg ur 7 – 9
108 Reyk j avík
Bethany Vanderhoof
Þórður Karlsson
Yesim
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2021/VI_2021_008.pdf