/ land) based on the IPCC GCM mean.
2004–50 2004–80 2004–99
Specific Years (0.8) / (0.8) 0.8 / 1.0 0.7 / 1.0
Randomised Years (1.0) / (1.0) 0.8 / 1.1 0.7 / 1.1
Standard Deviation 0.30 / 0.32 0.08 / 0.11 0.06 / 0.06
Table 9. Changes in total precipitation from the 1961–90 control period to the 2021–50
reference period (DP1) or the 2070–99 reference period (DP2) in different zones (ocean /
land / low
/media/ces/2010_005_.pdf
is on the northern North Atlantic and the Nordic Seas. With the southern
boundary at 47 N, the study domain covers Newfoundland, but excludes various marginal and
inland seas with significant independent storm activity, such as the Mediterranean and Adriatic
Seas, as well as the Black and Caspian Seas. The northern boundary at 80 N takes the domain
up to Fram Strait, including Svalbard, but excluding
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_005.pdf
A 1x1 km digital elevation model derived from a 500 m DEM (Icelandic Meteorological Of-
fice, National Land Survey of Iceland, Science Institute, University of Iceland, and National
Energy Authority. 2004), a soil map from the Agricultural University of Iceland and a map of
the bedrock geology from the Icelandic Institute of Natural History (Jarðfræðikort af Íslandi -
Berggrunnur - 1:600.000 - NI
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_009.pdf
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/media/loftslag/Hare-2011-ParticipatoryModelling.pdf
it will be one of the main aspects
of this paper.
2.3. Properties
The elements of a Fuzzy Cognitive Map are as follows:
Concepts: C1, C2, . . ., Cn. These represent the drivers and
constraints that are considered of importance to the issue under
consideration.
State vector: A = (a1, a2, . . ., an), where ai denotes the state of the
node Ci. The state vector represents the value of the concepts
/media/loftslag/Kok_JGEC658_2009.pdf
level, surveys commissioned by the European Com-
munity/the European Union provide an indication of trends in concern about cli-
mate change. Since 1992, such surveys have been undertaken among representative
samples of citizens in its Member States, and specifically on topics related to the
environment (Special Eurobarometers (EB) in 1992, 1995, 2002; and a Flash EB
in 2002). These have included
/media/loftslag/Lorenzoni_Pidgeon_2006.pdf
for ice, ocean and land applications
Snævarr Guðmundsson, Hrafnhildur Hannesdóttir and Helgi Björnsson ....................... 15
Post-Little Ice Age (1891–2011 AD) volume loss of Kotárjökull glacier, southeastern Iceland,
as established from historical photograph and lidar
Sverrir Guðmundsson, Eyjólfur Magnússon, Helgi Björnsson, Finnur Pálsson, Tómas
Jóhannesson and Etienne Berthier
/media/vatnafar/joklar/Reykholt-abstracts.pdf
wide and
1000 m long shelf called Þófi, terminating at 80–100 m a.s.l., see Map 4. The inclination of
the shelf is 15 on average. The surface of Þófi is covered with unconsolidated glacial till and
landslide deposits and marked with five gullies. The brook called Þófalækur near the middle of
the shelf divides it into an inner and outer part. On the outermost part of the shelf, there is a small
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2016/VI_2016_006_rs.pdf
approximately centred around Iceland: the outer domain with
43 42 grid points spaced at 27 km (1134 1107 km), the intermediate domain with 95 90 grid
points spaced at 9 km, and the inner domain with 196 148 grid points spaced at 3 km. The
northwest corner of the outer domain covers a part of the southeast coastal region of Greenland.
Otherwise, the only landmass included in the model domain
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2013/2013_001_Nawri_et_al.pdf