......................... 17
8 Monthly averages of SURFEX or projected 2-m air temperature ...................... 18
9 Local correction factors for 10-m wind speed ............................................... 19
10 Interpolated correction factors for 10-m wind speed ...................................... 20
11 Monthly averages of original or corrected temperature and wind speed .............. 21
12
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_005.pdf
guided by the facilitator. The idea was to give the group the
opportunity to develop its own identity without being
influenced by professional stakeholders. GEUS and CE
participated in two of the five meetings to answer specific
questions and to introduce and discuss the development of
the BNs. The citizens group was consulted, but not really
tal Management 88 (2008) 1025–1036
involved
/media/loftslag/Henriksen_Barlebo-2008-AWM_BBN-Journ_Env_Management.pdf
20
0
60
0
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0
20
0
60
0
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0
50
10
0
15
0
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0
50
10
0
15
0
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0
10
0
20
0
30
0
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0
10
0
20
0
30
0
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0
40
0
80
0
120
0
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0
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80
0
120
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J F M A M J J A S O N D
0
40
80
12
0
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0
40
80
12
0
J F M A M J J A S O N D
/media/ces/Journal_of_Hydrology_Veijalainen_etal.pdf
(Quante and Colijn, 2016). Work on risk analysis and adaptation is in different
stages in the countries of the world.
Coastal floods have caused problems in Iceland in the past (Jóhannsdóttir, 2017) and are likely to do
so in the future as well. Large coastal floods can be expected in Iceland every 10 - 20 years and the
probability of such events can rise with climate change (Almannavarnir, 2011
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2020/VI_2020_005.pdf
Av. Ed.
Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
Received: 21 March 2011 – Published in The Cryosphere Discuss.: 6 April 2011
Revised: 5 October 2011 – Accepted: 20 October 2011 – Published: 2 November 2011
Abstract. The Little Ice Age maximum extent of glaciers in
Iceland was reached about 1890 AD and most glaciers in the
country have retreated during the 20th century. A model for
the surface mass balance
/media/ces/Adalgeirsdottir-etal-tc-5-961-2011.pdf
(alb: AWS)
MODELLING LONG-TERM SUMMER AND WINTER BALANCES
? The authors 2009
Journal compilation ? 2009 Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography 241
ed temperatures relative to –20°C to account for de-cay of snow albedo at temperatures below the melt-ing point, following a study by Winther (1993). Wetested both approaches, and chose to use –5°C asthe minimum for the accumulated temperature
/media/ces/GA_2009_91A_4_Andreassen.pdf
was therefore formed
by ice lifting and deformation induced by subglacial water pressures higher than ice
overburden pressure.
The discharge data and the derived size of the subglacial flood path, as indicated
by the volume of water stored subglacially, indicates a development towards more
efficient subglacial flow over the course of the jökulhlaup. Thus, a discharge in the
iii
range 80–90 m3 s 1
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2009/VI_2009_006_tt.pdf
developmen
t &
im
plemen
tat
ion
Inf
orma
tion
Ma
nagemen
t
Fin
an
ce
an
d Cost
Re
cover
y
Risk
Ma
nagemen
t
Eff
ec
tiven
ess
Inte
rna
t. R
egula
tion
Weighted averag
e
Rivierenland Alentejo Tisza Ukraine Tisza Hungary
Fig. 3 Level of Adaptive and
Integrated Water Management
in coping with climate-related
extreme events in the four case-
studies (0 = non-adaptive and
non-integrated, 2
/media/loftslag/Huntjens_etal-2010-Climate-change-adaptation-Reg_Env_Change.pdf
for Iceland were made. The CE
project used an ensemble of six GCMs and RCMs from the PRUDENCE project for four different
emissions scenarios (B1, B2, A2, and A1FI) developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC). The GCMs used by the CE project showed more warming during winter than
summer. During winter, the median projected warming from 1961–90 to 2070–99 ranged from
3–6 K, and from 2
/media/ces/2010_005_.pdf