magnitudes. (b) Seismic tremor amplitude in three different frequency bands. (c) Volcanic plume
height. (d) Number of lightning. Lightning and tremor amplitude roughly correlate with plume
height.
Intensifi ed human activity and a growing
population have changed the climate and the
land biosphere. One of the most widely recog-
nized human perturbations is the emission of
carbon dioxide (CO2
/media/jar/myndsafn/2005EO260001.pdf
Numerical simulations
of precipitation in the complex terrain of Iceland—Comparison with glaciolog-
ical and hydrological data. Meteorol. Z., 16(1), 71–85.
Rögnvaldsson, Ó. and Ólafsson H. 2008. Dynamical downscaling of precipi-
tation – Part I: Comparison with glaciological data. Proceedings of the XXV
Nordic Hydrological Conference, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Tómasson, H. 1982. Vattenkraft i Island och dess
/media/ces/Paper-Olafur-Rognvaldsson_92.pdf
Discrete
numerical
Categorical Narrative
Constant in space and time A1A2A3
4Varies in time, not in space B1 B2 B3
Varies in space, not in time C1 C2 C3
It is noticed that the matrix is in reality three-dimensional
(source, type, nature). Thus, the categories type and nature
are not mutually exclusive, and it may be argued that the ma-
trix should be modified in such a way that the two uncer
/media/loftslag/Refsgaard_etal-2007-Uncertainty-EMS.pdf
and Irrigationa
Scenario Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Current 101 85 59 13 6 4 1 6 39 79 84 97
A2 145 132 73 10 10 7 6 8 4 75 92 123
B2 137 119 75 16 6 6 6 5 21 74 110 141
aValues are in millimeters.
10 of 18
W00A15 VAN ROOSMALEN ET AL.: CLIMATE AND LAND USE CHANGE W00A15
time and larger area where groundwater levels rise above
the drain levels. Table 6 shows the mean discharges
/media/loftslag/vanRoosmalen_etal-2009-WRR_2007WR006760.pdf
Journal of Environmental Management 88
Heid
, Øste
d
e
A broad range of tools are available for integrated water resource management (IWRM). In the EU research project NeWater, a
Human dependence on water leaves us vulnerable to
climate change, flood and drought hazards, and poverty
dynamic element of vulnerable groups and their relation-
ship to water resources, and to represent the decisions
/media/loftslag/Henriksen_Barlebo-2008-AWM_BBN-Journ_Env_Management.pdf
flood hazard and flood risk mapping and flood risk management
planning by 2011–2015. The directive advises that the impacts of
climate change on the occurrence of floods should be taken into ac-
count when assessing the flood risks. It also poses new demands
for general evaluations of changes of flood discharges, flood inun-
dation areas and possible flood hazard due to climate change in dif
/media/ces/Journal_of_Hydrology_Veijalainen_etal.pdf
) and are
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data providers (SONEL, n.d.).
The North Sea is home to one of the most dense tide gauge networks in the world, with over 15 tide
gauge series that span at least 100 years along its coastline (Quante and Colijn, 2016). In Denmark,
17
the national tide gauge network consists of 90 automatic stations run in cooperation of the Danish
Meteorological
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2020/VI_2020_005.pdf
Av. Ed.
Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
Received: 21 March 2011 – Published in The Cryosphere Discuss.: 6 April 2011
Revised: 5 October 2011 – Accepted: 20 October 2011 – Published: 2 November 2011
Abstract. The Little Ice Age maximum extent of glaciers in
Iceland was reached about 1890 AD and most glaciers in the
country have retreated during the 20th century. A model for
the surface mass balance
/media/ces/Adalgeirsdottir-etal-tc-5-961-2011.pdf
andEnergy Directorate (NVE), Oslo, Norway2Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Norway3Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Andreassen, L. and Oerlemans, J., 2009: Modelling long-term
summer and winter balances and the climate sensitivity of Stor-breen, Norway. Geogr. Ann. 91 A (4): 233–251.
ABSTRACT. Measurements of winter balance (bw
/media/ces/GA_2009_91A_4_Andreassen.pdf