is on the northern North Atlantic and the Nordic Seas. With the southern
boundary at 47 N, the study domain covers Newfoundland, but excludes various marginal and
inland seas with significant independent storm activity, such as the Mediterranean and Adriatic
Seas, as well as the Black and Caspian Seas. The northern boundary at 80 N takes the domain
up to Fram Strait, including Svalbard, but excluding
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_005.pdf
and review of some methods for regional flood frequency anal-
ysis. J. Hydrol., 186, 63–84.
GREHYS. (1996b). Inter-comparison of regional flood frequency procedures for Canadian rivers.
J. Hydrol., 186, 85–103.
Grover, P.L., Burn, D.H. & Cunderlik, J.M. (2002). A comparison of index flood estimation
procedures for ungauged catchments. Can. J. Civ. Eng., 29, 734–741.
Hosking, J.R.M. & Wallis, J.R. (1993
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_009.pdf
;
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/media/loftslag/Hare-2011-ParticipatoryModelling.pdf
it will be one of the main aspects
of this paper.
2.3. Properties
The elements of a Fuzzy Cognitive Map are as follows:
Concepts: C1, C2, . . ., Cn. These represent the drivers and
constraints that are considered of importance to the issue under
consideration.
State vector: A = (a1, a2, . . ., an), where ai denotes the state of the
node Ci. The state vector represents the value of the concepts
/media/loftslag/Kok_JGEC658_2009.pdf
level, surveys commissioned by the European Com-
munity/the European Union provide an indication of trends in concern about cli-
mate change. Since 1992, such surveys have been undertaken among representative
samples of citizens in its Member States, and specifically on topics related to the
environment (Special Eurobarometers (EB) in 1992, 1995, 2002; and a Flash EB
in 2002). These have included
/media/loftslag/Lorenzoni_Pidgeon_2006.pdf
More than 80% of all Swiss glaciers are smaller than 0.5 km2 and hence belong to the size
class of very small glaciers, occuring mostly in cirques, niches and below headwalls where
topoclimatical factors and snow accumulation patterns are favourable for the persistence of
snow and ice. However, very small glaciers have hardly been studied and empirical field
measurements are sparse. Thus
/media/vatnafar/joklar/Reykholt-abstracts.pdf
wide and
1000 m long shelf called Þófi, terminating at 80–100 m a.s.l., see Map 4. The inclination of
the shelf is 15 on average. The surface of Þófi is covered with unconsolidated glacial till and
landslide deposits and marked with five gullies. The brook called Þófalækur near the middle of
the shelf divides it into an inner and outer part. On the outermost part of the shelf, there is a small
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2016/VI_2016_006_rs.pdf
by the manufacturers.
Enercon E44 Vestas V80
Rotor diameter [m] 44 80
Hub height [m] 55 67
Rated power [kW] 900 2000
Cut-in speed [m s 1] 3 4
Rated speed [m s 1] 15 16
Cut-out speed [m s 1] 28 25
For any given turbine, there are three important characteristic wind speeds. The cut-in speed is the
lowest wind speed at which a turbine can generate usable power. The rated speed is the lowest wind
speed at which
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2013/2013_001_Nawri_et_al.pdf
Figure 53 Impact map for airports in case of an eruption like 1362 at Öræfajökull ................ 82
Figure 54 Impact map for power lines in case of an eruption like 1362 at Öræfajökull ......... 83
Figure 55 5% PM10 probability map for an eruption like 1362 at Öræfajökull. ...................... 84
Figure 56 25% PM10 probability map for an eruption like 1362 at Öræfajökull
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2020/VI_2020_004.pdf