model errors discussed in the previous section, a model time-series
of 2-m temperature or 10-m wind speed, Mi(t), interpolated to the i-th station location, can be
linearly transformed such that the mean square error compared with the local station time-series
is minimised. Generally, the corrected time-series is then given by
M˜i(t) = ai Mi(t)+bi ; (2)
where at each station location, the correction
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_005.pdf
(-33%) during 1970 to 2004 has been smaller than the com-
bined effect of global income growth (77%) and global population
growth (69%); both drivers of increasing energy-related CO2 emis-
sions. The long-term trend of declining CO2 emissions per unit of en-
ergy supplied reversed after 2000. {WGIII 1.3, Figure SPM.2, SPM}
Differences in per capita income, per capita emissions and
energy
/media/loftslag/IPPC-2007-ar4_syr.pdf
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/media/loftslag/Hare-2011-ParticipatoryModelling.pdf
Manage- Basic Purchase Road Road net- Const- Acquisi- Govern- Com- Participati- Value Miscel- Total 2009
ment and road of equip- system work post- ruction tion of ment missi- on of the added laneous cost
operating manage- ment develop- poned-, of land grants ons European tax over- level
costs ment ment comprehen- build- and com- Regional De- heads
1991- 1991- sive- and ings pensation
/media/loftslag/Traffc-maintenance_expenditures.pdf
to be simple and therefore has important drawbacks.
Future improvements should be made in the light of applications within a larger toolbox of scenario
methods.
2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
* Tel.: +31 317 482422; fax: +31 317 419000.
E-mail address: kasper.kok@wur.nl.
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Global Environmental Change
journa l homepage: www.e lsev ier .com/ locate
/media/loftslag/Kok_JGEC658_2009.pdf
of the area
and mean elevation for the ice-free and glaciated parts of each elevation band or grid cell. The
areas are denoted by ai and gi, and the elevations by zi and yi, for the ice-free and the ice-covered
areas, respectively. At the end of each hydrological year, the hydrological model will provide
a simulated value for the total mass balance of each glacier group within the watershed, DVa
/media/ces/ces-glacier-scaling-memo2009-01.pdf
!
!
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
jan feb mar apr mai jun jul aug sep okt nov des
m
m
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m
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60
80
100
120
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jan feb ar apr ai j j l t
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Ensemble approach for probabilistic
hydrological projections
Catchment
/media/ces/Lawrence_Deborah_CES_2010.pdf
/lexuriserv/lexuriserv.do?uri=com:2007:0002:FIN:EN:PDF, 13
April 2009.
[2] WTO, World Tourism Organization (2008): “Climate Change and Tourism -
Responding to Global Challenges”, UNWTO, 9 July 2008, Madrid, Spain.
Available at:
http://www.unwto.org/media/news/en/press_det.php?id=1411&idioma=E, 7
March 2010.
[3] Mooney, J.E. y Miller, M.L. (2009): “Climate change: Creating demand for
sustainable
/media/loftslag/ECONOMIC_EFFECTS_OF_CLIMATE_CHANGE_ON_THE_TOURISM_SECTOR_IN_SPAIN.pdf
distribution and parameter estimation methods
The Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution (Jenkinson, 1955) is adopted to model the
flood frequency distribution at each site, from the AMF series:
Qi(D;T ) =
ei +
ai
ki
(1 [ ln(1 1=T )]ki) if ki 6= 0
ei ailn( ln(1 1=T )) if ki = 0
(6)
where ei is the location parameter, ai is the scale parameter and ki is the shape parameter.
The method of probability
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_001.pdf