] 1000 1006 1012
T0 [ C] 1 5 9
LT [K km 1] 7.1 6.3 5.1
L [K km 1] 2.6 5.7 7.9
within that part of the island with terrain up to 1000 m above mean sea level (mASL). The expo-
nential decrease in pressure with height outweighs the linear decrease in temperature, leading to
an effective decrease in air density with height. The standard value of 1.225 kg m 3 is therefore
only appropriate at low
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2013/2013_001_Nawri_et_al.pdf
, Veðurstofu Íslands
Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 7
2 Model setup and data ................................................................................... 7
3 Model terrain and surface type ...................................................................... 9
4 Impact of initial conditions in blending
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_005.pdf
decreasing over the other maritime regions. Simultaneously, the percentage of continental
18
Table 1. Seasonal cyclone density [cyclones per season per 1000 km 1000 km] over the
ocean / land areas in different sectors, for daily averages, as well as for 5-day and 31-day
running means (RM) of daily grid-point time-series. Percentages measure cyclone density
over land relative to that over the ocean.
Time
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_005.pdf
of events closely.
Photo: Sigurlaug Gunnlaugsdóttir.
Bárðarbunga
Pálmi Erlendsson, Bergur H. Bergsson and others installing GPS and com-
munication equipment. Photos: Þorgils Ingvarsson and Benedikt G. Ófeigsson.
I C E L A N D I C M E T O F F I C E / A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 4
5
The magma intrusion from Bárðarbunga
to the eruption site at Holuhraun and
related tremor pulses
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/IMO_AnnualReport2014.pdf
by
rescaling a dimensionless regional flood frequency distribution or growth curve, qR(D;T ), com-
mon to all sites of the homogeneous region, with the so-called index flood, µi(D), of the target
site:
bQi(D;T ) = µi(D)qR(D;T ); (1)
where bQi(D;T ) is the estimated flood quantile, i.e. the T -year flood peak discharge averaged
over duration D, at site i. The regional growth curve, qR(D;T
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_009.pdf