Elíasson, J., Rögnvaldsson, Ó. & Jónsson, T. (2009). Extracting statistical parameters of extreme precipitation from a NWP model. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 2233-2240, November 2009.
Jylhä, K., Tuomenvirta, H., Ruosteenoja, K., Niemi-Hugaerts, H., Keisu, K. & Karhu, J.A. (2010). Observed and projected future shifts of climatic zones in Europe, and their use to visualize climate change
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up to ~13 km height.
BY K. S. VOGFJÖRD, S. S. JAKOBSDÓTTIR,
G. B. GUDMUNDSSON, M. J. ROBERTS, K. ÁGÚSTSSON,
T. ARASON, H. GEIRSSON, S. KARLSDÓTTIR,
S. HJALTADÓTTIR, U. ÓLAFSDÓTTIR,
B. THORBJARNARDÓTTIR, T. SKAFTADÓTTIR,
E. STURKELL, E. B. JÓNASDÓTTIR, G. HAFSTEINSSON,
H. SVEINBJÖRNSSON, R. STEFÁNSSON, AND T. V. JÓNSSON
Research, 2005), which are complemented by
three continuous GPS stations
/media/jar/myndsafn/2005EO260001.pdf
which are significantly lower com-
pared with similar beginning and end years. Consequently, for the 2004–50 period, the average
RCM warming rates of 0.29 K per decade over the ocean, and 0.35 K per decade over the land are
somewhat larger than for the reduced IPCC ensemble mean.
Additionally, the tabulated values of SAT differences between the 1961–90 control period and
either the 2021–50
/media/ces/2010_005_.pdf
of Hydrology 375: 363-372 (doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.06.032).
Tietäväinen, H. Tuomenvirta, H. & Venäläinen, A. (2009). Annual and seasonal mean temperatures in Finland during the last 160 years based on gridded temperature data. Int. J. Climatol. 29. (in print).
Venäläinen, A., Jylhä, K., Kilpeläinen, T., Saku, S., Tuomenvirta, H, Vajda, A. & Ruosteenoja, K. Recurrence of heavy precipitation, dry spells
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Rist, S. (1990). Vatns er þörf. Bókaútgáfa Menningarsjóðs. 248 pp. (In Icelandic).
Zaman, M.A., Rahman, A. & Haddad, K. (2012). Regional flood frequency analysis in arid
regions. A case study for Australia. J. Hydrol., 475, 74-83.
25
Appendix I - Identification of homogeneous groups of catch-
ments obtained with the ROI technique and associated growth
curves
−2 0 2 4 6
0
1
2
3
4
−ln(−ln(1−1/T))
q(T
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_009.pdf
24 July 2010
This manuscript was handled by K.
Georgakakos, Editor-in-Chief, with the
assistance of Ercan Kahya, Associate Editor
Keywords:
Climate change
Flood
Hydrological modelling
Flood inundation area
Hydraulic modelling
Finland
s u m m a r y
This paper provides a general overview of changes in flooding caused by climate change in Finland for the
periods 2010–2039 and 2070–2099. Changes
/media/ces/Journal_of_Hydrology_Veijalainen_etal.pdf
and our intention is to run these models dur-
ing times of hazardous events and even on a daily
basis to further improve monitoring.
Avalanche monitoring has progressed. The em-
phasis is now on improving our services, especially
to the Icelandic Road and Coastal Administration
with regard to transport. The reason is that com-
munity structure has changed considerably in recent
years and the need
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/arsskyrslur/VED_AnnualReport-2013_screen.pdf
and hydrologic models at
regional scale. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128(6), 1681–1706.
Grell, G. A., Dudhia J. and Stauffer D. R. 1995. A description of the fifth-
generation Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5). NCAR Tech. Note
NCAR/TN-398+STR, 138 pp.
Jasper, K., Gurtz J. and Lang H. 2002. Advanced flood forecasting in Alpine
watersheds by coupling meteorological observations and forecasts with a dis-
tributed
/media/ces/Paper-Olafur-Rognvaldsson_92.pdf
the two reanalyses exist primarily over Green-
land, where the amplitude of the seasonal cycle in ERA-Interim is reduced, with up to 5 K higher
temperatures than ERA-40 in winter, and up to 5 K lower temperatures in summer (not shown).
Elsewhere, differences are small and unsystematic.
As described by Simmons et al. (2006) and Berrisford et al. (2009), compared with ERA-40, sev-
eral improvements
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_005.pdf
to avalances:
An overview of the need for avalanche protection measures in Iceland (IMO Rep. 96004, 1996, authors T. Jóhannesson, K. Lied, S. Margreth and F. Sandersen) [summary of IMO publication 96003/96004] (html)
Adaptation of the Swiss Guidelines for supporting structures for Icelandic conditions (IMO Int. Rep. 99013, 1999, authors T. Jóhannesson and S. Margreth) (pdf 0.1 Mb)
Addendum
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