Av. Ed.
Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
Received: 21 March 2011 – Published in The Cryosphere Discuss.: 6 April 2011
Revised: 5 October 2011 – Accepted: 20 October 2011 – Published: 2 November 2011
Abstract. The Little Ice Age maximum extent of glaciers in
Iceland was reached about 1890 AD and most glaciers in the
country have retreated during the 20th century. A model for
the surface mass balance
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extensively used in experimental economics over the
past 20 years. One robust result is that a considerable percentage of individuals voluntar-
ily cooperate, even though the Nash equilibrium is to contribute nothing to the public good
(see Anderson 2001 and Ledyard 1995, for reviews).3 Once we drop the homo-œconomicus
hypothesis, by assuming that either all agents have social preferences or agents
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