was used as a
reference map for co-registration and correction of the vertical offset of the
other DEMs. The average specific mass balance was estimated from the mean
elevation difference between glaciated areas of the DEMs. The glacier
mass balance declined significantly between the two periods: from 0.2 to
0.2 m yr1 w. eq. during the earlier period (1980s through 1998) to 1.8 to
1.5 m yr1 w/media/ces/Gudmundsson-etal-2011-PR-7282-26519-1-PB.pdf
: to use or not to use?
*O'Neill, R. V., and A. W. King. 1998, Homage to St. Michael; or, why are there so
many books on scale?: Pages 3–15 in D. L. Peterson and V. T. Parker (editors).
Ecological scale: theory and applications. Columbia University Press, New York.
• Robert O’Neill questions the unifying capabilities*
• Aspects of the land use system have different scale properties
• To use
/media/loftslag/Kok_1-scenarios-lecture-1.pdf
all sites was calculated (RMSET ):
RMSET (%) =
1
N
N
i=1
v
u
u
t1
L
L
l=1
Qi(D;Tl) bQi(D;Tl)
Qi(D;Tl)
2
x100 (7)
where Qi(D;Tl) is the reference flood quantile at gauged site i and return period Tl , calculated
with the GEV distribution fitted to the observed AMF series and bQi(D;Tl) is the estimated flood
quantile, calculated with the IFM ( bQi(D;T ) = bµi(D)qR(D;T )). RMSET was ranked
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_009.pdf
and are expressed in watts per square metre (W/m2).
5 Includes only carbon dioxide (CO2 ), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphurhexafluoride(SF6), whose emissions are covered by the UNFCCC. These GHGs are weighted by their 100-year Global Warming Potentials (GWPs), using values
consistent with reporting under the UNFCCC.
6 This report
/media/loftslag/IPPC-2007-ar4_syr.pdf
A. Dunne, A. V. Vecchia, Nature 438,
347 (2005).
16. J. C. Knox, Quatern. Sci. Rev. 19, 439 (2000).
17. P. C. D. Milly, R. T. Wetherald, K. A. Dunne, T. L. Delworth,
Nature 415, 514 (2002).
18. Z. W. Kundzewicz et al., Hydrol. Sci. J. 50, 797 (2005).
19. R. Seager et al., Science 316, 1181 (2007).
20. IPCC, in Climate Change 2007: Mitigation of Climate
Change, Contribution of WG3 to AR4, B
/media/loftslag/Milly_etal-2008-Stationarity-dead-Science.pdf
Differences in net shortwave flux due to differences in cloud cover
(compare with Figure 5) are especially noticeable on 27 July and 3 August around (local) noon
when, off the south and southwest coast, the net flux under clear skies is increased by up to
300 W m 2, compared with neighbouring cloud-covered regions. Although, generally, there was
a more extensive cloud cover over the land on 3 August than
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_006.pdf
2004. Further towards
a taxonomy of agent-based simulation models in
environmental management. Mathematics and
Computers in Simulation 64(1):25-40.
Henle, K., W. Kunin, O. Schweiger, D. S.
Schmeller, V. Grobelnik, Y. Matsinos, J. Pantis, L.
Penev, S. G. Potts, I. Ring, J. Similä, J. Tzanopoulos,
S. van den Hove, M. Baguette, J. Clobert, L.
Excoffier, E. Framstad, M. Grodzinska-Jurczak, S.
Lengyel, P
/media/loftslag/Kok_and_Veldkamp_editorial_ES-2011-4160.pdf
Dashed lines encompass the V-shaped zone of tephra deposition. (c)
Oblique aerial view from west of the tephra plume at Grímsvötn on 2 November. Note the ashfall
from the plume. (Photo by M. J. Roberts.) (d) Weather radar image at 0400 UTC on 2 November.
The top portion shows its projection on an EW-vertical plane. The minimum detection height for
Grímsvötn is seen at 6 km, and the plume extends
/media/jar/myndsafn/2005EO260001.pdf