Íslands
Bústaðavegur 9
150 Reykjavík
Abstract
Fast-rising jökulhlaups from the geothermal subglacial lakes below the Skaftá caul-
drons in Vatnajökull emerge in the Skaftá river approximately every year with 45
jökulhlaups recorded since 1955.
The accumulated volume of flood water was used to estimate the average rate of
water accumulation in the subglacial lakes during the last decade as 6 Gl
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2009/VI_2009_006_tt.pdf
................................................................................................................. 45
6 DISCUSSION ...................................................................................................................... 49
6.1 Differences in return levels between observed and simulated precipitation ..................... 49
6.2 Sensitivity of the EVA methods
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2020/VI_2020_008.pdf
-
grated water management: agency, awareness raising and
education, type of governance and cooperation structures,
information management and—exchange, policy develop-
ment and—implementation, risk management, and finances
and cost recovery. This comparative analysis has an
explorative character intended to identify general patterns
in adaptive and integrated water management and to
determine its
/media/loftslag/Huntjens_etal-2010-Climate-change-adaptation-Reg_Env_Change.pdf
.............................................................................................. 45
5.3 Present weather ..................................................................................... 45
Appendix ......................................................................................................... 47
5
List of Figures
1 How PWD22 determines the type of precipitation. ........................................ 11
2 Number of records as a function of the height
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2019/VI_2019_009.pdf
Extreme precipitation in Iceland: Climate
projections and historical changes in
precipitation type
Andréa-Giorgio R. Massad
Guðrún Nína Petersen
Halldór Björnsson
Matthew J. Roberts
Tinna Þórarinsdóttir
VÍ 2022-006
Skýrsla
Extreme precipitation in Iceland: Climate
projections and historical changes in
precipitation type
Andréa-Giorgio R. Massad
Guðrún Nína Petersen
Halldór Björnsson
Matthew
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2022/VI_2022_006_extreme.pdf
• Methodology
• Key findings
• Conclusions
2
Forestry in Finland
1. Land area distribution 2. Species distribution
Total Forestry land 26.3 mill. ha
3. Growing stocks, increment and drain 4. Site type distribution
Source: Finnish Forest Research Institute, 2008
3
Forest management
Final felling
Timber
Energy biomass
Thinning
Timber
Pre-commercial or
energy biomass thinning
Regeneration Regeneration
4
/media/ces/Alam_Ashraful_CES_2010.pdf