1). Over the same period, the average total number of
people reported affected2 per decade rose by 1200%, from
approximately 38 thousand to 480 thousand. Meanwhile,
the total cost of reported damage3 doubled, from US$ 1.2
billion to US$ 2.4 billion (2006 prices), although this could
partially be explained by a higher density or vulnerability
of infrastructure and areas being used by humans. More
/media/loftslag/Huntjens_etal-2010-Climate-change-adaptation-Reg_Env_Change.pdf
about 28% and losses from the polar ice sheets
contributing the remainder. From 1993 to 2003 the sum of these
climate contributions is consistent within uncertainties with the total
sea level rise that is directly observed. {WGI 4.6, 4.8, 5.5, SPM, Table
SPM.1}
Observed decreases in snow and ice extent are also consistent
with warming (Figure 1.1). Satellite data since 1978 show that an-
nual average
/media/loftslag/IPPC-2007-ar4_syr.pdf
for
example the Sustainability First scenario as developed as part of the
Global Environment Outlook (UNEP, 2007). The backbone of this
scenario is best described as a ‘‘new sustainability paradigm’’. The
scenario projects a strong and total change in human behaviour
cutting across all sectors and all scales. To typify the new situation,
the story uses phrases such as ‘‘new environment and develop-
ment
/media/loftslag/Kok_JGEC658_2009.pdf
an important part of the runoff from many areas. In total, approximately
20% of runoff in Iceland originates from groundwater (Hjartarson, 1994a).
In the above mentioned previous simulation of runoff map for Iceland for the period 1961–
1990, groundwater was omitted. Effects of groundwater flowing across watershed
boundaries were simulated by scaling the precipitation for each watershed. On watersheds
/media/ces/2010_017.pdf
the maximum discharge of jökulhlaup water at the glacier
terminus is estimated as 97 m3 s 1. This jökulhlaup was a fast-rising jökulhlaup as
other jökulhlaups in Skaftá and cannot be described by the traditional Nye-theory of
jökulhlaups. The total volume of flood water was estimated as 53 Gl. The average
propagation speed of the subglacial jökulhlaup flood front was found to be in the range
0.2–0.4 m s 1
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2009/VI_2009_006_tt.pdf
Tables for individual locations
Tables 3.1 and 4.1 above provided estimates of the probability distributions of temperature
and precipitation variability for Helsinki, Finland. Similar tables were produced for a total of
120 locations for temperature and for 230 locations for precipitation (Figure 5.1). The
calculation combined observations collected within the European Climate Assessment
/media/ces/CES_D2.4_task1.pdf
Number
Faxaflói1Breiðafjörður0West fjords0North West0North East0Eastern coastal area0East fjords0South East 0South0Central highlands0
Total:1
Last 24 hours
Region
Number
/avalanches/notifications/
methodology is widely utilized by many automatic earthquake detectors, but instead of having
window lengths on the order of minutes, like the ALERT module, they have window durations
on the order of seconds. A longer STA window duration will make the module less sensitive to
small signals (Trnkoczy, 1999). Additionally, the total duration of the STA and LTA windows
may not exceed 24 hours
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2021/VI_2021_008.pdf