Pálsson F., Rögnvaldsson
Ó., Sigurðsson O., Snorrason Á., Sveinsson Ó. G. B., Thorsteinsson Th. 2007.
Effect of climate change on hydrology and hydro-resources in Iceland. Rep.
OS-2007/011, National Energy Authority, Reykjavík.
Liang, X.-Z., Li L. and Kunke K. E. 2004 Regional climate model simulation
of U.S. precipitation during 1982–2002. Part I: Annual cycle. J. Climate, 17,
3510–3529.
Pálsson, F
/media/ces/Paper-Olafur-Rognvaldsson_91.pdf
research
VIII. Resources: extensive vs limited
IX. Institutional conditions: open vs constrained
C Scenario content - complex vs simple:
X. Temporal nature: chain vs snapshot
XI. Variables: heterogeneous vs homogenous
XII. Dynamics: peripheral vs trend
XIII. Level of deviation: alternative vs conventional
XIV. Level of integration: high vs low
Scenarios - types
EXAMPLE 1 – EXPLORATORY SCENARIOS
/media/loftslag/Kok_2-scenarios-lecture-2.pdf
Discrete
numerical
Categorical Narrative
Constant in space and time A1 A2 A3
4Varies in time, not in space B1 B2 B3
Varies in space, not in time C1 C2 C3
It is noticed that the matrix is in reality three-dimensional
(source, type, nature). Thus, the categories type and nature
are not mutually exclusive, and it may be argued that the ma-
trix should be modified in such a way that the two uncer
/media/loftslag/Refsgaard_etal-2007-Uncertainty-EMS.pdf
6
0
20
40
60
80
10
0
12
0
14
0
−ln(−ln(1−1/T))
Q(
T)
(m
?s)
1 2 5 10 20 50 100
T (years)
l Obs.
WaSiM vhm51
heM
95?bh ??Obs
95?bh ??W aSiM
95?bh heM
Annual max. Q : GEV Distributions for vhm51
Index flood model no. 6
l l l l
l
l l l
l l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
−2 0 2 4 6
0
50
10
0
15
0
−ln(−ln(1−1/T))
Q(
T)
(m
?s)
1 2 5 10 20 50 100
T (years)
l Obs.
WaSiM vhm52
heM
95?bh Obs
95?bh
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_001.pdf
A (A1, A2, A3). ........................................................................................... 89
Figure B.2. Rake distribution for mapped faults/clusters in box B, Fagradalsfjall-W. ...... 90
Figure B.3. Rake distribution for mapped faults/clusters in box C, Fagdaralsfjall-E. ....... 90
Figure B.4. Rake distribution for mapped faults/clusters in box D, Kleifarvatn
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2010/2010_003rs.pdf
and the Eastern Volcanic Zones (WVZ and EVZ (Figure 1). The two
segments are connected through a 70–80 km long transform zone, the South Iceland
Seismic Zone (SISZ), which regularly produces a sequence of large, destructive
earthquakes of magnitudes up to M7 (Einarsson et al., 1981; Einarsson, 2008). The
majority of the rifting is taken up by the southward propagating and much more active
EVZ
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2009/VI_2009_013.pdf
conditions as a lower
boundary condition from the driving GCM. The RCAO model-output is from a pan-arctic
run for the years 1960–2080 at approx. 50 km resolution. The first 20 years of the model run
must be considered as spin-up time for the ocean module. The RCAO run is experimental
since the model is in a development state and the output has not yet been evaluated over
Greenland (Ralf Döscher, personal
/media/ces/ces_geus_paakitsoq_full_report.pdf
is formed by glacial deposits. The average depth is 5 meters and the residence time
of water in the fjord is about 20 days. As to tidal variations the amplitude is about 0.4 meters. Horsens
fjord consists of marine coastal ecosystems. There are three fairly large islands with cultivated land and
scattered habitation. One of the most important plant community on the islands are along the East coast
/media/loftslag/CASE_A___Jes_Pedersen_(Region_Midt,_Dk)_Introduction.pdf
is formed by glacial deposits. The average depth is 5 meters and the residence time
of water in the fjord is about 20 days. As to tidal variations the amplitude is about 0.4 meters. Horsens
fjord consists of marine coastal ecosystems. There are three fairly large islands with cultivated land and
scattered habitation. One of the most important plant community on the islands are along the East coast
/media/loftslag/Case_A___Horsens_Fjord.pdf