The
role of orography was found to be crucial in determining the precipitation dis-
tribution and amount.
Atmospheric flow over Iceland was simulated for the period January 1961
through June 2006 using version 3–7–3 of the PSU/NCAR MM5 mesoscale
model (Grell et al., 1995). The domain used is 123× 95 points, centered at
64◦ N and 19.5◦ W, with a horizontal resolution of 8 km. There are 23 vertical
/media/ces/Paper-Olafur-Rognvaldsson_91.pdf
in
development/policy
• Plausible futures
• No ‘desired’ future (no ‘doom or gloom’)
EURURALIS: Model chain
EU 25 arable and pasture land
160000
170000
180000
190000
200000
2000 2010 2020 2030
year
#
kh
a
A1
A2
B1
B2
EURURALIS: GTAP/IMAGE model
EURURALIS: CLUE model
Example 1c:
MedAction
Focus on participation and storylines
Example 3: MedAction
Land use change scenarios at various scales
To better
/media/loftslag/Kok_2-scenarios-lecture-2.pdf
Discrete
numerical
Categorical Narrative
Constant in space and time A1 A2 A3
4Varies in time, not in space B1 B2 B3
Varies in space, not in time C1 C2 C3
It is noticed that the matrix is in reality three-dimensional
(source, type, nature). Thus, the categories type and nature
are not mutually exclusive, and it may be argued that the ma-
trix should be modified in such a way that the two uncer
/media/loftslag/Refsgaard_etal-2007-Uncertainty-EMS.pdf
6
0
20
40
60
80
10
0
12
0
14
0
−ln(−ln(1−1/T))
Q(
T)
(m
?s)
1 2 5 10 20 50 100
T (years)
l Obs.
WaSiM vhm51
heM
95?bh ??Obs
95?bh ??W aSiM
95?bh heM
Annual max. Q : GEV Distributions for vhm51
Index flood model no. 6
l l l l
l
l l l
l l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
−2 0 2 4 6
0
50
10
0
15
0
−ln(−ln(1−1/T))
Q(
T)
(m
?s)
1 2 5 10 20 50 100
T (years)
l Obs.
WaSiM vhm52
heM
95?bh Obs
95?bh
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_001.pdf
Figure 2.3. An overview of the Geysir region. ..................................................................... 20
Figure 2.4 Testing different values for maximum group size in area A1. ............................ 23
Figure 2.5. Testing different values for maximum group size in area A1. ........................... 24
Figure 2.6. A map showing relative locations in box A1 for maximum
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2010/2010_003rs.pdf
). The brittle-plastic transition and depth of seismic faulting, Geol.
Rundsch., 77, 319–328.
Scholz, C. H. (2002). The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting, 2nd ed., Cambridge
Univ., Cambridge.
Sibson, R. H. (1984). Roughness at the Base of the Seismogenic Zone: Contributing
Factors.J. Geophys. Res., 89, B7, 5791–5799.
Sigmundsson, F., P. Einarsson, R. Bilham, and E. Sturkell (1995). Rift-transform
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2009/VI_2009_013.pdf
conditions as a lower
boundary condition from the driving GCM. The RCAO model-output is from a pan-arctic
run for the years 1960–2080 at approx. 50 km resolution. The first 20 years of the model run
must be considered as spin-up time for the ocean module. The RCAO run is experimental
since the model is in a development state and the output has not yet been evaluated over
Greenland (Ralf Döscher, personal
/media/ces/ces_geus_paakitsoq_full_report.pdf
is formed by glacial deposits. The average depth is 5 meters and the residence time
of water in the fjord is about 20 days. As to tidal variations the amplitude is about 0.4 meters. Horsens
fjord consists of marine coastal ecosystems. There are three fairly large islands with cultivated land and
scattered habitation. One of the most important plant community on the islands are along the East coast
/media/loftslag/CASE_A___Jes_Pedersen_(Region_Midt,_Dk)_Introduction.pdf
is formed by glacial deposits. The average depth is 5 meters and the residence time
of water in the fjord is about 20 days. As to tidal variations the amplitude is about 0.4 meters. Horsens
fjord consists of marine coastal ecosystems. There are three fairly large islands with cultivated land and
scattered habitation. One of the most important plant community on the islands are along the East coast
/media/loftslag/Case_A___Horsens_Fjord.pdf