Results
W
i
n
t
e
r
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
Max snow depth
Trend slope
Number of snow days
Period II
P
e
r
i
o
d
I
I
I
Max snow depth Number of snow days
Norwegian Meteorological Institute met.no
Correlation analysis (1961-08)
138 mutual stations
Introduction Data & Methods Results
Correlation with
winter
temperature
Correlation with
winter
precipitation
In warmer regions both snow
parameters
/media/ces/Dyrrdal_Anita_CES_2010.pdf
not representative of present or future climate
conditions?
Winter mean T in Helsinki (1961-2008)
1961-
20081961-
1990
Temperature (°C)
P
r
o
b
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
d
e
n
s
i
t
y
-12 4
Simplest case: change in mean climate,
with no change in the magnitude of variability
If variability changes as well, the two tails of the distribution
(e.g., warm and cold) will be affected differently.
IPCC (2001
/media/ces/RaisanenJouni_CES_2010.pdf
is ice flux and b is mass balance. For (small) changes
in glacier geometry with respect to a datum (often steady) state, perturbations in ice thickness,
flux and mass balance will satisfy
¶(Dh)
¶t
+
¶(Dq)
¶x
= Db or
¶(Dh)
¶t
+~ (D~q) = Db : (2)
Changes in mass balance are the driving factor of glacier changes in climate change simu-
lations. If the datum glacier is initially comparatively close
/media/ces/ces-glacier-scaling-memo2009-01.pdf