(a) annual maximum temperature (b)
and annual minimum temperature (c) as simulated by the ensemble of 9 CMIP3 AOGCMs for
2046-2065 relative to 1980-1999. Units are K. Dots denote grid boxes for which signal-to-noise
ratio is greater than 1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Fig.2 Same as in Fig.1 but for changes in heat (a) and cold (c) wave
/media/ces/CES_D2.4_VMGO.pdf
BIOMATH, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
d Water Quality Modelling modelEAU, University Laval, Quebec, Canada
Received 20 December 2005; received in revised form 5 February 2007; accepted 7 February 2007
Available online 27 April 2007
Abstract
A terminology and typology of uncertainty is presented together with a framework for the modelling process, its interaction with the broader
water
/media/loftslag/Refsgaard_etal-2007-Uncertainty-EMS.pdf
-scale Category
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y
F
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s
Permanent Homes
Casualties and Timing
Casualties and Time of Day
150
200
250
I
n
d
e
x
V
a
l
u
e
Fatalities
0
50
100
Overnight Morning Early Afternoon Late Afternoon Late Evening
I
n
d
e
x
V
a
l
u
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Injuries
Nocturnal Tornadoes
7
8
9
10
R
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o
N
i
g
h
t
t
o
O
t
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e
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0
1
2
3
4
5
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F0 F1 F2 F3 F4
F
/media/loftslag/Tornado_Impacts_-_FMI_Presentation.pdf
of stationarity was
Climate change undermines a basic assumption
that historically has facilitated management of
water supplies, demands, and risks.
Stationarity Is Dead:
Whither Water Management?
P. C. D. Milly,1* Julio Betancourt,2 Malin Falkenmark,3 Robert M. Hirsch,4 Zbigniew W.
Kundzewicz,5 Dennis P. Lettenmaier,6 Ronald J. Stouffer7
CLIMATE CHANGE
1U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), c/o National Oceanic
/media/loftslag/Milly_etal-2008-Stationarity-dead-Science.pdf
level, surveys commissioned by the European Com-
munity/the European Union provide an indication of trends in concern about cli-
mate change. Since 1992, such surveys have been undertaken among representative
samples of citizens in its Member States, and specifically on topics related to the
environment (Special Eurobarometers (EB) in 1992, 1995, 2002; and a Flash EB
in 2002). These have included
/media/loftslag/Lorenzoni_Pidgeon_2006.pdf
the principalmethods have not changed much over the years, theamount of field work has varied. In the first 15 yearsthe monitoring programme at Storbreen was com-prehensive, often three or more snow density pits
were dug, snow depth was measured at about 600points and ablation was measured on 30 stakes
evenly distri uted on the glacier (Liestøl 1967).Based on experience of the snow pattern, the ob-
servations
/media/ces/GA_2009_91A_4_Andreassen.pdf
in the volcanic cloud. The more abundant gases present are
SO2, CO2, HCl, HF, H2O.
In the first month and half we had an averaged flux equals to 400 kg/s (~35 kT/d) with peaks up to 1300
kg/s (~112 kT/d). Assuming a constant release of gas until today, the eruption has injected into the
atmosphere an amount of SO2 in the range 3.5 Mt (considering the average flux) – 11.2 Mt (considering
the peak
/media/jar/bb100days_ens.pdf
)
Best case (1.5 C increase; 2%
increase in prec)
BAU A B
Change +30 % C D
Scenario
combination
Impact
Adaptation measures
North South North South
A *
CC: Possible increase in the
amount of snow more
snow clearing increase in
operational costs
S-E: increase in traffic
volume increased wear of
roads increase in
maintenance cost.
**
CC: Possibly less snow,
more rain
/media/loftslag/Group3-The-future-of-the-Finnish-national-road-network.pdf
technologies are
being implemented which will provide a platform for a possible future ICS-D (distributed components
of the Integrated Core Services) for EPOS.
Planning and site selection process for the new instrument installations are well underway as well as
the procurement of the required equipment. In total 17 new seismological and geodetic stations will be
co-located in selected sites in Northern
/media/norsem/norsem_atakan_norway.pdf
? – D Wheeler
Simulations of the impact of Arctic sea ice on the atmospheric circulation: the need for coupled
models – D Smith
Greenland Blocking and North Atlantic Oscillation changes – E Hanna / J Overland
Group Discussion
12:45 – 14:00 Lunch (after which we move into the matsalur - lunch hall)
14:00 – 15:40
14:00 – 14:20
14:20 – 14:40
14:40 – 15:00
15:00 – 15:20
15:20 – 15:40
/media/loftslag/Mid-Latitudes-Agenda1_nov2013EH.pdf