vhm145 Vestari-Jökulsá D+J+L 844 751 11.3 924 1971–2014
vhm167 Austari-Jökulsá D+J 553 916 28.8 1208 1985–2014
8
vhm59
vhm64
vhm66
vhm102
vhm116
vhm162
vhm233
vhm235
vhm238
vhm144
vhm145
vhm167
Figure 1. Location of river basins.
9
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l l
0 100 200 300
50
15
0
25
0
35
0
Days since Sept. 1st
Q
(m
³/s
)
vhm59
S O N D J F M A M J
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_009.pdf
of
temperature anomaly
(ºC) between 1991-2007
and 1961-1990
Variation of annual T
anomaly (ºC)
between 1991-2007
and 1961-1990
Seasonal differences of P
anomaly (in %)
between 1991-2007 and
1961-1990
Seasonal differences of Q
anomaly (in %) between
1991-2007 and 1961-1990
Variation of annual P and Q
anomaly (%)
between 1991-2007
and 1961-1990
-40
-25
-10
5
20
35
50
1
9
2
0
1
9
4
0
1
9
6
/media/ces/Kriauciuniene_Jurate_CES_2010.pdf
series analysis
Regional series are compiled based on regions
having similar climatological characteristics and
streamflow regimes. These series are also useful
for evaluating patterns and trends, both in time and
by region. Regional series for precipitation,
temperature and runoff are being compiled,
updated and analysed within the CES project.
-
4
0
-
2
0
0
2
0
4
0
6
0
W
S
P
S
U
M
A
Q
,
%
-
4
0
/media/ces/ces_SA_group_flyer_new.pdf
study and location of catchments. Catchment vhm278 is embedded
within vhm148 and catchment vhm277 is embedded within vhm149.
9
l
l l l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l
l l l
l
l l
l
ll l l l
l
l
l ll
l
ll
l
l l
l l
l
0 100 200 300
10
0
20
0
30
0
40
0
Day since 1st Sept.
Q
m³
/s
VHM 148
S O N D J F M A M J J A
l
l
ll l l
l
ll
l
l
l
ll
l
l
ll l
l
0 100 200 300
15
0
25
0
35
0
45
0
Day since 1st Sept.
Q
m³
/s
VHM
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_007.pdf
the index flood µi(D). For gauged sites, µi(D) is estimated by the sample mean
whereas for ungauged sites, µi(D) is estimated indirectly as a function of physiographic and
climatic catchment characteristics (Ci;k):
bµi(D) = f (Ci;k);k = 1;n: (2)
This estimation is usually performed using the power-form equation:
bµi(D) = q0C
q1
i;1C
q2
i;2::::C
qk
i;k:::C
qn
i;n: (3)
where q denotes the vector
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_001.pdf
We are hoping to find time to improve this glossary. Only a few items are available. For your relevant search, please click on one of the letters below:
A Á B C D E É F G H I Í J K L M N O Ó P Q R S T U Ú V W X Y Ý Z Þ Æ Ö
A
A: Icelandic abbreviation of East (compass direction, easterly, eastern).
ANA: Icelandic abbreviation of Eastnorthesast (compass direction).
ASA: Icelandic
/weather/articles/nr/1208
We are hoping to find time to improve this glossary. Only a few items are available. For your relevant search, please click on one of the letters below:
A Á B C D E É F G H I Í J K L M N O Ó P Q R S T U Ú V W X Y Ý Z Þ Æ Ö
A
A: Icelandic abbreviation of East (compass direction, easterly, eastern).
ANA: Icelandic abbreviation of Eastnorthesast (compass direction).
ASA: Icelandic
/weather/articles/nr/1208/
types and for which daily discharge (Q) was available for at
least thirty years was selected (Figure 1). Table 1 presents information on the characteristics of
each catchment. Rivers in Iceland are usually classified according to their source (Rist, 1990;
Jónsdóttir et al., 2008), namely direct runoff (D), groundwater fed (L), glacial rivers (J) and
whether they flow through lakes (S). The combination
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2013/VI_2013_008.pdf
; fax: +358 20 490 2590.
E-mail address: Noora.Veijalainen@ymparisto.fi (N. Veijalainen).
Journal of Hydrology 391 (2010) 333–350
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Hydrology
journal homepage: www.elsevier .com/ locate / jhydrol
Author's personal copy
narios from GCMs or RCMs, and with different emission scenarios
(e.g. Menzel et al., 2006; Minville et al., 2008; Prudhomme and Da
/media/ces/Journal_of_Hydrology_Veijalainen_etal.pdf
the principalmethods have not changed much over the years, theamount of field work has varied. In the first 15 yearsthe monitoring programme at Storbreen was com-prehensive, often three or more snow density pits
were dug, snow depth was measured at about 600points and ablation was measured on 30 stakes
evenly distri uted on the glacier (Liestøl 1967).Based on experience of the snow pattern, the ob-
servations
/media/ces/GA_2009_91A_4_Andreassen.pdf