(CBA can be subset
of SCBA)
• CEA: cost-effectiveness analysis – this is used if for (a part of)
the intended impacts no (shadow) price can be established (or
when that is contentious)
26.8.2011Adriaan Perrels/IL 9
Cost-benefit analysis – the basics 2
• Metrics:
• Net present value (NPV) :
• Internal Rate of Return (IRR): r = r* such that NPV = 0
• Benefit-Cost Ratio (B/C ratio):
• Macro
/media/loftslag/Perrels-CBA.pdf
on the Reykjanes Peninsula on 17 June ............................ 41
3.3 Other faults in SW-Iceland .................................................................................... 43
3.3.1 Geysir region (box A) .................................................................................. 43
3.3.2 Reykjanes Peninsula (boxes B-F
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2010/2010_003rs.pdf
on average sea level and on regional weather systems. It is
defined here as the highest 1% of hourly values of observed sea level at a station for a given reference period.
31
Topic 1 Observed changes in climate and their effects
(a) Global average surface temperature
(b) Global average sea level
(c) Northern Hemisphere snow cover
Figure 1.1. Observed changes in (a) global average surface temperature
/media/loftslag/IPPC-2007-ar4_syr.pdf
mix, 4) mobility patterns,
technological development, 5) equitable distribution of social goods, ethical dynamics
Background information and knowledge gaps: 1) time scale-what is the consensus view
of when are the CC impacts projected to begin to be felt, 2) spatial scale-where are the
impacts expected to occur, 3) vulnerability assessments of differential capacity to adapt
to CC impacts
/media/loftslag/Group4.pdf
Fjord case focussing on water resources (including the institutional and
technical infrastructure needed to manage the water quality and quantity); and (b) National
road infrastructure planning and maintenance in Nordic countries, with special reference to
Finland. Summary reports from the two break-out groups are included in the present report.
The concluding plenary session highlighted
/media/vedurstofan/NONAM_1st_workshop_summary_v3.pdf
scenario Summer Winter
Temp ▲6˚c ▲7˚c.
Precip. +10% +30%
CO N l d bl2 ear y ou e
11
Forest management principles
1
)
Basal area just
before thinning
Thinning threshold
Energy
wood
Energy
biomass
a
r
e
a
(
m
2
h
a
-
1 thinningt i g
B
a
s
a
l
a
Basal area just
Remaining basal
area threshold
Dominant height (m)
after thinning
12
Management regimes
Changes in basal area thinning thresholds
/media/ces/Alam_Ashraful_CES_2010.pdf