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s
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use
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publi
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debate
s
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di
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no
t
distorted
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re
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al
.(
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8)
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w
informatio
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CC
impacts
)influence
s
polic
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24
.Decisio
n
suppor
t
syste
m
Rive
rbasi
n
informatio
n
system
s
ar
e
u
p
to
internationall
y
recognize
d
standard
s
(e.g
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P
standards
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Youn
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(200
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Whittake
r(
200
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Climate change adaptation in European river basins
/media/loftslag/Huntjens_etal-2010-Climate-change-adaptation-Reg_Env_Change.pdf
are largest. Positive sensible heat fluxes also occur over
the interior regions of Vatnajökull and Hofsjökull at around noon on 27 July, due to the cold
northeasterly flow over the glaciers (see Figure 10). However, along the edges and on the other
icecaps, sensible heat fluxes under clear skies are directed from the atmosphere to the snow. On 3
August, with clear skies, weak winds, and with above freezing
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_006.pdf
the
interior of the ice sheet is somewhat too dry (Fig. 9b). By average a mean negative precipitation
bias of 0.16myr−1 results which equals 43% of the mean from Burgess et al. (2010) (Table 2).
6 Bias Correction and Future Scenario Runs
After having specified a number of biases in the RCM output the model runs were repeated
with bias-corrected RCM data.
To correct the temporal bias of Ta, daily
/media/ces/ces_geus_paakitsoq_full_report.pdf
-based and 10 based on IPCC GCM
simulations. The choice of the GCM models was based on their SAT
performance for the present-day climate near Iceland as mentioned above.
2. For GCM-based scenarios, temperature change in the highland interior of
Iceland, where the large ice caps are located, were increased by 25% based on
the results of RCM downscaling (Nawri & Björnsson, 2010).
3. Expected
/media/ces/2010_016.pdf
the analysis will allow us to present the
outline for a new, potentially more robust and
comprehensive design process. The outline as
presented here consists of principles, phases and
their interior steps, and tools for participation
processes.
We will now turn to the various elements of the
potential new guide. We will start by presenting the
principles of design, followed by the steps and tools
/media/loftslag/vonKorff_etal-2010.pdf
6University of Washington,
Seattle, WA 98195, USA. 7NOAA Geophysical Fluid
Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
*Author for correspondence. E-mail: cmilly@usgs.gov.
An uncertain future challenges water planners.
Published by AAAS
on July 12, 201
1
www.sciencemag.or
g
Downloaded from
1 FEBRUARY 2008 VOL 319 SCIENCE www.sciencemag.org574
POLICYFORUM
combined with opera-
tions
/media/loftslag/Milly_etal-2008-Stationarity-dead-Science.pdf
(ECT)
Working paths and
machinery transportation
+ C
Rotation period
Plant production and
transportation
Site preparation
a
r
b
o
n
Planting
E
n
e
r
d
i
o
Thinnings/ harvesting
operations
h di
g
y
i
x
i
d
e Emission parametersEcosystem model
S ort stance
transportation
Long distance
n
p
u
t
E
m
i
s
Emission calculation tool
transportation
Chipping
s
i
o
n
CO2 balance
14
Energy wood
/media/ces/Alam_Ashraful_CES_2010.pdf
pm
en
t.
Co
ntex
t(natura
l,techni
ca
l
an
d
so
ci
al
sy
ste
m
s):
tra
ns
bo
un
da
ry
iss
ue
s
w
ith
man
y
di
ffe
ren
tspa
tia
lsc
ales
.
So
ci
o
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
an
d
cl
im
at
e
chang
e
ar
e
imp
ortan
t
1:Ont
ologica
l2:Sce
nari
o
O
fte
n
domina
nt
D
ominant
:Compl
ex
Int
egrate
d
Sy
ste
m
A
na
ly
sis
(C
ISA
):
in
te
gr
at
ed
m
o
de
lli
ng
an
d
as
se
ss
m
en
tf
or
ex
am
in
at
io
n
o
f
co
m
pl
ex
re
/media/loftslag/VanderKeur_etal-2008-Uncertainty_IWRM-WARM.pdf
probably a few meters.
An interactive 3D model of the earthquakes during the magma
intrusion. The di?rent colours represent the activity in time from
16 August to 12 September.
During the magma intrusion, intense earthquake activity related to
subsidence of the Bárðarbunga caldera was located at the caldera
rim. Over 70 earthquakes above magnitude 5 occurred in the first
four months after the onset
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/IMO_AnnualReport2014.pdf
glacier, and a general land rise
along the southern coast and in the countries interior (figure 1). This rise results from recent melt
of the Icelandic glaciers, which have been melting since the late 19th century. An acceleration in
land uplift is even evident in the Southeast. STL analysis of vertical GPS measurements in 1997-
2015 from Höfn in Hornafjörður show over 8 mm/yr uplift in the first
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2020/VI_2020_005.pdf