by a flux of charged particles from the sun. Increased variations of the field are indicative of increased auroral activity.
RH-LRV: Leirvogur Magnetic Observatory
Figure 3. Measurements during the past 24 hours from Leirvogur. Three components of the magnetic field are shown; vertical component (Z); horizontal component (H); and the declination (D). The graph is from
/weather/articles/nr/2549
that increases in atmospheric greenhouse gases will
lead to substantial changes in the global climate during this century (IPCC 2007), estimates of
the magnitude (and for some aspects of climate, the direction) of the forthcoming changes are
uncertain. This uncertainty comes from three basic sources:
z Scenario uncertainty: future changes in the atmospheric composition, and thus the
external
/media/ces/raisanen_ruosteenoja_CES_D2.2.pdf
were carried out to obtain the flow and
sliding parameters for Hoffellsjökull that resulted in a good
simulation of the observed 20th century evolution of the
glacier geometry. The obtained values for the rate factor
and the sliding parameter are A= 4.6× 10−15 s−1 kPa−3 and
C = 10× 10−15 m a−1 Pa−3, respectively.
The ice divide is kept at a fixed location in the model com-
putations presented here
/media/ces/Adalgeirsdottir-etal-tc-5-961-2011.pdf
). This can be helpful with respect to
finding a common structure in presenting as well in session reporting (for which angles
mentioned in the opening session statements of the Workshop participants can provide
checkpoints).”
Session rapporteur allocation
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with 20% and 2% for the HIRHAM experiments
using HadAM3H and with 30% and 7% for the ECHAM-
driven experiments for Middle Europe and Scandinavia,
respectively.
[18] RCM output is not available for the entire period
1961–2100 because transient RCM simulations are com-
putationally very demanding. Instead two 30-year time
slices are available; one representative for the climate in
the period 1961–1990
/media/loftslag/vanRoosmalen_etal-2009-WRR_2007WR006760.pdf
Pálsson F., Rögnvaldsson
Ó., Sigurðsson O., Snorrason Á., Sveinsson Ó. G. B., Thorsteinsson Th. 2007.
Effect of climate change on hydrology and hydro-resources in Iceland. Rep.
OS-2007/011, National Energy Authority, Reykjavík.
Liang, X.-Z., Li L. and Kunke K. E. 2004 Regional climate model simulation
of U.S. precipitation during 1982–2002. Part I: Annual cycle. J. Climate, 17,
3510–3529.
Pálsson, F
/media/ces/Paper-Olafur-Rognvaldsson_91.pdf
L. Michaelis, S. Mori, T. Morita, W.Pepper,
H. Pitcher, L. Price, K. Raihi, A. Roehrl, H.-H. Rogner, A. Sankovski, M.Schlesinger,
P.Shukla, S. Smith, R. Swart, S. van Rooijen, N. Victor, Z. Dadi, 2000: IPCC Special Report
on Emission Scenarios. Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom and New York, NY,
USA.
a)
b)
c)
Fig.1 Change of annual extreme temperature range
/media/ces/CES_D2.4_VMGO.pdf
which are significantly lower com-
pared with similar beginning and end years. Consequently, for the 2004–50 period, the average
RCM warming rates of 0.29 K per decade over the ocean, and 0.35 K per decade over the land are
somewhat larger than for the reduced IPCC ensemble mean.
Additionally, the tabulated values of SAT differences between the 1961–90 control period and
either the 2021–50
/media/ces/2010_005_.pdf
This is also the case with
cyclones in all three sectors. Cyclones in the eastern or western sector are also strongly affected
by the presence of central cyclones. In both sectors, cyclones tend to move east, unless there are
cyclones in the neighbouring sector, in which case pressure tendencies are reversed.
21
Figure 10. Composite mean temporal MSLP tendencies, for different MSLP modes. Com-
posite mean
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_005.pdf