glacier, and a general land rise
along the southern coast and in the countries interior (figure 1). This rise results from recent melt
of the Icelandic glaciers, which have been melting since the late 19th century. An acceleration in
land uplift is even evident in the Southeast. STL analysis of vertical GPS measurements in 1997-
2015 from Höfn in Hornafjörður show over 8 mm/yr uplift in the first
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2020/VI_2020_005.pdf
scenario, precipitation increased by 10–15% from 1961–90 to
2070–99, and by 5–10% for the lower emitting scenarios (corresponding to approximately 0.5–1%
per decade).
The CE project also examined RCM results for Iceland based on the HIRHAM model (Haugen and
Iversen, 2006). These results showed enhanced warming over the interior of Iceland compared with
the coastal zone, and a tendency for enhanced
/media/ces/2010_005_.pdf
and are expressed in watts per square metre (W/m2).
5 Includes only carbon dioxide (CO2 ), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphurhexafluoride(SF6), whose emissions are covered by the UNFCCC. These GHGs are weighted by their 100-year Global Warming Potentials (GWPs), using values
consistent with reporting under the UNFCCC.
6 This report
/media/loftslag/IPPC-2007-ar4_syr.pdf
are largest. Positive sensible heat fluxes also occur over
the interior regions of Vatnajökull and Hofsjökull at around noon on 27 July, due to the cold
northeasterly flow over the glaciers (see Figure 10). However, along the edges and on the other
icecaps, sensible heat fluxes under clear skies are directed from the atmosphere to the snow. On 3
August, with clear skies, weak winds, and with above freezing
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_006.pdf
; (1)
where N is the number of years between the elevation
maps, A1 is the average area (m2) of the ice cap over N
years, r is the scaling factor from the density of ice
(900 kg m3) to water (1000 kg m3),
DV D ¯hA2; (2)
is the total volume loss (m3), D ¯h is the N year area-
average elevation change (m) for the whole ice cap and
A2 is the maximum area (m2) of the ice cap.
In this study we use
/media/ces/Gudmundsson-etal-2011-PR-7282-26519-1-PB.pdf
A few quakes have been detected at the intrusive dyke and at Tungnafellsjökull, all less than M2. Visibility towards the eruptive site has been fairly good and the intensity of it seems to be unchanged.
6 January 2015 - thickness and volume
Radar measurements for height, made by IES during a TF-FMS surveillance flight 30 December 2014, give indications of the thickness and hence the volume
/earthquakes-and-volcanism/articles/nr/3071