years, IMO has participated in extensive research supported by the European Commission, EC, and various other funds, which is meant to improve this situation. The results of the collective research were published in 2009 in a book called The design of avalanche protection dams - Recent practical and theoretical developments.
The design of protective measures in the run-out zones of avalanches
/about-imo/news/nr/1631
possibly pooling in hollows and lows in the landscape, e.g. in Hrunagil and Hvannárgil gullies. Civil Protection Department is on the alert.
Over the last few days the air temperatures at Fimmvörðuháls, 900-1100 m above sea level, have been from -6°C down to -14°C with strong northeasterly winds and gusts over 20 m/s; in these circumstances wind chill can be considerable. For weather outlook, please
/about-imo/news/nr/1858
an 80 km2 ice-filled
caldera. The characteristic activity is explosive basaltic eruptions occurring on central volcano flanks or the
fissure swarm. Known eruptions have mostly been VEI 3-4 but occasionally VEI 5-6 (bulk volume of tephra up
to 10 km3). The largest eruptions occurred in the early Holocene, effusive basaltic eruptions on the fissure swarm
with lava volumes ≥20 km3. Eruption
/media/jar/Bardarbunga_kafli20140825.pdf