) Measured 1997 and 1999 ice surfaces of Lang‐
jökull and Hofsjökull, respectively. c) Steady‐state glacier
geometries after a few hundred year spin‐up with constant
mass balance forcing.
Figure 3: Simulated response of Langjökull (L), Hofsjökull (H)
and southern Vatnajökull (V) to climate change. The inset
numbers are projected volumes relative to the initial stable
ice geometries
/media/ces/ces_flyer_glacierssnowandice.pdf
eruptions close to populated areas
and/or international airports
International Strategy for Disaster
Reduction (www.unisdr.org)
WMO (1999) Comprehensive Risk Assessment for Natural
Hazards WMO/TD No. 955, 92 p.
Living with Risk: A global review of disaster reduction initiatives
(2004)
Global assessment report on disaster risk reduction (2009)
Terminology
www.unisdr.org/eng/terminology
/media/loftslag/Karlsdottir-Risk_analysis_IMO_SK.pdf
for the second mover’s deci-
sion. As such, the contribution of advantageous inequity aversion, which has been theoreti-
cally identified as a source of cooperation in social dilemmas (Fehr and Schmidt 1999), can
be isolated. Individual preferences are elicited via independent games and are then linked
to behavior in the sequential public good game. We analyze the effect of inequity aversion
/media/loftslag/Public-Choice-2012---Teyssier---Inequity-and-risk-aversion-in-sequential-public-good-games.pdf
of Damage was Wind Speed
– Damages increase significantly at peak wind speeds in
excess of 140 mph
• Year Built Does Have a significant impact on
damages
– Homes built between 1980-1996 did not fare as well as
Pre 1980 homes
– Homes built after 1996 fared better with the homes
built after 2002 doing the best
Tornadoes
Tornado Mitigation
• Analysis of Market and Policy actions
following 1999/media/loftslag/FMI_-_Disaster_Mitigation.pdf
www.elsevier.com/locate/yjevp
evaluations of coercive and noncoercive TDM measures
Steg & Vlek, 1997), car users’ evaluations of the three
Widegren, 1998). In the value-belief-norm (VBN) theory of
environmentalism (Stern et al., 1999; see also Stern, 2000),
pro-environmental behavior is explained by a hierarchical
sequence of variables. According to the theory, values,
general environmental beliefs
/media/loftslag/Eriksson_Garvill_Nordlund_2006.pdf
of how humans affect the climate (e.g. Kempton, 1991 and 1993 in
the US; Kempton et al., 1995 – US surveys; Dunlap, 1998–1992 Gallup survey of
laypeople in Canada, USA, Mexico, Brazil and Portugal; Lorenzoni, 2003–survey
of laypeople in Italy and the UK). Furthermore, Brechin’s (2003) analyses of two
surveys undertaken in 1999 and 2001 by Environics International, support these
findings
/media/loftslag/Lorenzoni_Pidgeon_2006.pdf
eruptions include an eruption in 1612 or 1613, and about 920 A.D.
Episodes of unrest are known at Eyjafjallajökull, with documented sill intrusions in 1994 and 1999.
For information see:
Global Volcanism Program at the Smithsonian Institution
Institute of Earth Sciences, Iceland
Geophysical research at the Icelandic Meteorological Office
Continuous tremor plots at the Icelandic Meteorological
/earthquakes-and-volcanism/articles/nr/1852
(run-off, soil humidity)
Risks concerning decision making (policy risks)
303/02/2010
Illustrative map of future climate change impacts related to freshwater which threaten the
sustainable development of the affected regions. Ensemble mean change in annual runoff (%)
between present (1980–1999) and 2090–2099 for the SRES A1B emissions scenario. Areas
with blue (red) colours indicate
/media/ces/Savolainen_Ilkka_CES_2010.pdf