water managers still lack
experience in participatory processes (Pahl-Wostl
et al. 2008). In particular, the informality of some
of these processes warrants special attention. A
distinction between formal and informal participation
is raised by many authors (e.g., Cleaver 1999,
Priscoli 2004, Currie-Alder 2007, Pahl-Wostl et al.
2007). In this paper, formal participation refers to
actor relationships
/media/loftslag/Daniell_etal-2010.pdf
integration. Other investigators (e.g. Giorgi and Mearns,
1999) opt for longer integration times, emphasising the importance of the model
to be free to develop its own internal circulations. Liang et al. (2004) used this
approach when simulating precipitation over the U.S. during 1982–2002 using
the MM5-based regional climate model CMM5.
Several case studies investigating orographic forcing
/media/ces/Paper-Olafur-Rognvaldsson_91.pdf
summits, shelves and terraces, large cirques, gullies and cliffs. The following description of
the geological setting is based on Ágúst Guðmundsson and others (2003) and Árni Hjartarson
(2015), see their geological maps (Map 3 and Figure 3), as well as on the landslide hazard study
by Þorsteinn Sæmundsson and Halldór G. Pétursson (1999). The outermost summit is Strandar-
tindur (1010 m a.s.l
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2016/VI_2016_006_rs.pdf
into a proglacial lakes. A glacier that surges into a proglacial lake displaces part of the lake water, which can then flow away and cause a flood. The surge of Hagafellsjökull eystri into Hagafellsvatn in 1999 is an example of this type of event. A small jökulhlaup can furthermore potentially be produced at the end of a surge when an efficient channelized subglacial drainage system redevelops
/volcanoes/volcanic-hazards/glacial-outburst/
& scientific
• the erosion of the nation state (see Rifkin, 2004)
• the decentralising requirements of „new capitalism“
(see Sennett, 2007)
• stakeholding society (Hutton 1999)
– Because it works? We will see...
Rephrase: Participatory
management process
• Extends the range of people and
organisations involved in management to
those who would not normally be
involved ...
• … in order to achieve
/media/loftslag/Hare_1_PartINONAM.pdf
public administration, political geography,
and human ecology alike is the concept of
governance (Ostrom 1999, Pierre 2000, Hooghe
2003, Folke et al. 2005). Additionally, the concept
of governance is used and defined within economic
sciences such as institutional economics (e.g., Dixit
2004) and ecological economics (Costanza et al.
1999). As a result, there are many definitions of
governance. Van
/media/loftslag/Kok_and_Veldkamp_editorial_ES-2011-4160.pdf
hydrological changes due to climate change, since relatively modest
increases in temperature can result in substantial changes in runoff patterns (Arnell
1999; Lettenmaier et al. 1999; Payne et al. 2004). Previous studies on climate change
impacts (Beldring et al. 2006; Silander et al. 2006; Vehviläinen and Huttunen 1997)
have found that during warmer winters with more rain and increased snowmelt
winter
/media/ces/Water_resources_man_Veijalainen_etal.pdf
1999; Stacey, 2003).
There are two aspects of the psychodynamic system theory
that are particularly important in an AM context dealing
with transition and reframing. First, there is the idea that
learning and change are inevitably associated with anxiety,
at both the conscious and unconscious level. The manage-
ment of learning is thus the management of anxiety and of
resistance arising from
/media/loftslag/Henriksen_Barlebo-2008-AWM_BBN-Journ_Env_Management.pdf
of the last ten years (2009 to 2018). This
is the third highest annual total since the measurements started in
1999, only exceeded by the years 1924 and 2012. June was particularly
sunny.
In Akureyri the total was 1070.4 hours, 25
above the 1961 to 1990 average but 20 more than the mean of the last
ten years (2009 to 2018).
It
was sunny in Reykjavík in May, June, July and August
/about-imo/news/the-weather-in-iceland-in-2019
coincide with jökulhlaups.
Monitoring Systems
To monitor seismic and volcanic activity in
Iceland, IMO operates a nationwide digital
network of 44 seismic stations (network name:
SIL) [Bödvarsson et al., 1999], six volumetric
borehole strain meters, and 16 continuous
GPS stations (network name: ISGPS) (H. Geirs-
son et al., Current plate movements across
the Mid-Atlantic Ridge determined
/media/jar/myndsafn/2005EO260001.pdf