improving
management policies and practices by learning from the
outcomes of implemented management strategies. Partici-
patory integrated assessment is here a form of problem
structuring for identification of gaps, ambiguity and
multiple frames, confrontation, and integration of the
most divergent views with respect to a given problem
situation.
Additional methods and tools that AM require com/media/loftslag/Henriksen_Barlebo-2008-AWM_BBN-Journ_Env_Management.pdf
the habitats of bivalves and many other organisms. This article is an
abstract from the third report on impacts of climate change in Iceland.
The report was issued in May 2018 by a Scientific Committee on Climate
Change lead by the Icelandic Met Office.A short description of
the climate of IcelandIn one of the first scientific descriptions of
the Icelandic climate, Thorvaldsson (1881
/climatology/iceland/climate-report
the habitats of bivalves and many other organisms. This article is an
abstract from the third report on impacts of climate change in Iceland.
The report was issued in May 2018 by a Scientific Committee on Climate
Change lead by the Icelandic Met Office.A short description of
the climate of IcelandIn one of the first scientific descriptions of
the Icelandic climate, Thorvaldsson (1881
/climatology/iceland/climate-report/
intracloud and cloud-to-ground lightning, but because it observes
variations in the local vertical electric field, the system is more susceptible to vertical (cloud-
to-ground) lightning. Detailed description of the ATDnet system and its use in monitoring
volcanic lightning is given by Gaffard et al. (2008), Bennett et al. (2010), and Arason et al.
(2011).
8
Figure 2. The out-stations
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2013/VI_2013_006.pdf
were carried out to obtain the flow and
sliding parameters for Hoffellsjökull that resulted in a good
simulation of the observed 20th century evolution of the
glacier geometry. The obtained values for the rate factor
and the sliding parameter are A= 4.6× 10−15 s−1 kPa−3 and
C = 10× 10−15 m a−1 Pa−3, respectively.
The ice divide is kept at a fixed location in the model com-
putations presented here
/media/ces/Adalgeirsdottir-etal-tc-5-961-2011.pdf
in this report by
drawing on information that has already been provided by other agencies, including tourist and
permanent population data (Section 4.2), a description of the early warning system (Section
6.1) and summaries of related previous work (Sections 6.4 and 6.5).
1.2 Study strategy
Within this work, eruption scenarios were defined based on past activity as observed or
measured or recorded
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2020/VI_2020_011_en.pdf
damming of rivers (hydropower disruption)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Detailed description
1. Geological setting, magmatic and tectonic context
The 190 km long and up to 25 km wide Bárðarbunga volcanic system (Figure 1) is located in the rift zone part of
the Eastern Volcanic Zone. About one-third of the volcanic system lies below
/media/jar/Bardarbunga_kafli20140825.pdf
stakeholders as well.
Interestingly, despite all commonalities on the
description of the state of the art, analysis of the
conceptual issues, and the similar starting point, the
concretely proposed research agendas differ
considerably. Veldkamp et al. (2011) are most clear-
cut and propose among others a clearer
communication to policy makers and further
elaboration of spatial and temporal scale
/media/loftslag/Kok_and_Veldkamp_editorial_ES-2011-4160.pdf
this source of uncertainty in simulation models (Brown et al. 2005; van
Loon and Refsgaard 2005). However, it should be noted that there is also a considerable
uncertainty in socio-economics data (Brouwer 2005). Secondly, model (or conceptual)
uncertainty, i.e. uncertainty in system understanding. This manifests itself in terms of
incomplete understanding and description of how a system functions
/media/loftslag/VanderKeur_etal-2008-Uncertainty_IWRM-WARM.pdf
at the operational/local level.
A calibrated approach (standardized questionnaires and
interviews, expert judgment, and reinterpretation of out-
comes by means of relevant literature) was used to com-
pare the state of affairs in water management in the
selected case-studies.
Adaptive and integrated water management
Given the expected increase of climate-related extreme
events, water governance capabilities
/media/loftslag/Huntjens_etal-2010-Climate-change-adaptation-Reg_Env_Change.pdf