delay
s
o
r
problem
s
Leadershi
p
is
proactive
;anticipate
s
o
n
problem
s
2.
Leve
lo
fcohesio
n
Leadershi
p
is
abl
e
to
formulat
e
an
d
articulat
e
internall
y
consisten
tpolic
y
preference
s
Jupill
e
an
d
Caporas
o
(199
8)
3.
Leve
lo
fauthorit
y
Leadershi
p
ha
s
authorit
y
to
ac
t
externally
,i
n
particula
rth
e
lega
lcompetenc
e
in
give
n
subjec
tmatte
r
(B
)Awarenes
s
raisin
g
&
educatio
n
5
/media/loftslag/Huntjens_etal-2010-Climate-change-adaptation-Reg_Env_Change.pdf
6
0
20
40
60
80
10
0
12
0
14
0
−ln(−ln(1−1/T))
Q(
T)
(m
?s)
1 2 5 10 20 50 100
T (years)
l Obs.
WaSiM vhm51
heM
95?bh ??Obs
95?bh ??W aSiM
95?bh heM
Annual max. Q : GEV Distributions for vhm51
Index flood model no. 6
l l l l
l
l l l
l l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
−2 0 2 4 6
0
50
10
0
15
0
−ln(−ln(1−1/T))
Q(
T)
(m
?s)
1 2 5 10 20 50 100
T (years)
l Obs.
WaSiM vhm52
heM
95?bh Obs
95?bh
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_001.pdf
M A M J J A l
ll l
l
l
l
l
l
l
lll
l
l
lll
0 100 200 300
60
0
80
0
100
0
Days since Sept. 1st
Q
(m
³/s
)
vhm102
S O N D J F M A M J J A
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l
l
0 100 200 300
30
40
50
60
70
Days since Sept. 1st
Q
(m
³/s
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vhm116
S O N D J F M A M J J A
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
0 100 200 300
20
0
30
0
40
0
50
0
Days since Sept. 1st
Q
(m
³/s
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_009.pdf
tg
ui
da
n
ce
fo
rt
ra
ns
bo
un
da
ry
w
at
er
s,
pr
ep
ar
ed
an
d
P. van der Keur et al.
(floo
dmanag
ement
)an
d
wat
er
qualit
y
ag
re
ed
u
po
n
in
co
m
m
o
n
u
n
de
rs
ta
nd
in
g,
creat
ed
th
e
bas
is
fo
rth
e
formul
atio
n
o
f
joi
nt
m
ea
su
re
s
(Fr
ijte
rs
an
d
Le
en
tv
aa
r
200
3)
Mo
del
s
(na
tural
,te
chnica
l
an
d
so
ci
al
sy
ste
m
s):
Uncert
aint
y
ha
s
to
be
incorp
orated
:
1:
Ep
ist
/media/loftslag/VanderKeur_etal-2008-Uncertainty_IWRM-WARM.pdf
Knowledge
gathering
Proposal
Testing
Revision
Decision-
making
Milestones
26 August 2011 PM/YZ/EPP 5
Phase
s
Du
r
at
i
o
n
(
mon
t
h
s
)
O
V
I
s
Problem iden
t
i
f
i
ca
t
i
on
2
A
l
l
St
a
k
ehol
d
e
r
s i
d
ent
i
f
i
ed an
d
selected wi
t
h
i
n 2 mo
n
t
h
s
I
n
f
o
r
ma
t
i
on pro
v
i
s
i
on
2
Kic
k
-
of
f
m
e
et
i
n
g
hel
d
Knowled
g
e ga
t
he
r
i
n
g
6
/media/loftslag/Group5-Stakeholders_involvement.pdf
]
m
³/s
l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
E[Q(D=0)] vhm148
l
l
REF
IFM−ROI
IFM−CLU
l IFM−WaSiM
l l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
2 4 6 8 10 12
20
0
40
0
60
0
80
0
IFM no.
E[
Q]
m
³/s
l l l
l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
E[Q(D=0)] vhm149
l
l
REF
IFM−ROI
IFM−CLU
l IFM−WaSiM
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l l
l
2 4 6 8 10 12
20
0
40
0
60
0
80
0
IFM no.
E[
Q]
m
³/s
l
l
l
l
l
l l
l l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l l
l l l
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_007.pdf
in streams. Potential measures to reduce
Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change
Tabl
e
3
Ex
am
pl
es
o
fc
lim
at
e
ch
an
ge
ad
ap
tat
io
n
iss
ue
s
re
la
te
d
fre
sh
w
at
er
ec
o
lo
gy
an
d
qu
al
ity
in
D
en
m
ar
k.
Se
e
n
o
te
s
o
n
ad
ap
tat
io
n
m
ea
su
re
s
be
lo
w
Ta
bl
e
2
Climat
e
chang
e
impac
t
Adaptatio
n
Typ
e
o
fproble
m
Consequenc
e
Ris
k
leve
l
Dominatin
g
uncertaint
y
Optio
n
Cos
t
leve
l
/media/loftslag/2012-Refsgaard_etal-uncertainty_climate-change-adaptation-MITI343.pdf
FOREST BIOMASS FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION –
POTENTIALS, MANAGEMENT AND RISKS UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE
Ashraful Alam, Antti Kilpeläinen, Seppo Kellomäki
School of Forest Sciences,
University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu
F t Cli t d R bl E I t Ri k dAd t tiu ure Cl ma e an enewa e nergy – mpac s, s s an ap a on
Oslo, Norway
2 June, 2010
Contents
• Forestry in Finland
• Challenges
• Objectives
/media/ces/Alam_Ashraful_CES_2010.pdf
ANN−10
−5
0
5
10
15
20
delta w (%
)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17C
h
a
n
g
e
i
n
g
e
o
s
t
r
o
p
h
i
c
w
i
n
d
s
p
e
e
d
(
%
)
Change in wind over the Baltic Sea in 70 years time at the time of CO2-doubling
Chen and Aschberger, 2006
17
CM
IP
G
CM
s
A need for regional ensemble simulations
head2right Changes are uncertain
head2right Size and sometimes even sign
/media/ces/Kjellstrom_Erik_CES_2010.pdf
ISBN 978-9979-68-238-7. NHP Report No. 50, P. 638-645.
Kriauciuniene J. & Kovalenkovienė M. (2008). Dependence of Lithuanian river runoff extremes on atchment area. XII Biennal International Conference. Hydrological extremes in small basins, 18-20 September, 2008, Cracow, Poland. ISBN-978-83-88424-38-0. P.183-186.
Kriauciuniene, J., Kovalenkovienë, M., and Meilutytë-Barauskienë D. (2007). Changes
/ces/publications/nr/1943