FOREST BIOMASS FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION –
POTENTIALS, MANAGEMENT AND RISKS UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE
Ashraful Alam, Antti Kilpeläinen, Seppo Kellomäki
School of Forest Sciences,
University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu
F t Cli t d R bl E I t Ri k d Ad t tiu ure Cl ma e an enewa e nergy – mpac s, s s an ap a on
Oslo, Norway
2 June, 2010
Contents
• Forestry in Finland
• Challenges
• Objectives
/media/ces/Alam_Ashraful_CES_2010.pdf
of the analogue method is introduced. In Section 3 hydrological and me-
teorological data used in the analysis are presented. Section 4 describes the different strategies
considered for implementing the method and Section 5 presents some results. Some concluding
remarks are made in Section 6.
2 The analogue method
Let X(t) be a state of a dynamical system at time t, known through the observation of k variables
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2013/VI_2013_008.pdf
and Chemistry of the Earth, Special Issue: COST Action (Accepted for publication).
Jónsdóttir, J. F., Uvo, C. B. & Clarke, R. T. (2008). Filling gaps in measured discharge series with model-generated series. Technical Notes. Journal of Hydrological Engineering, 13, 9, 905-909.
Jónsdóttir, J. F., Uvo, C. B. & Clarke, R. T. (2008). Trend analysis in Icelandic discharge, temperature and precipitation series
/ces/publications/nr/1943
Withdrawal
Reliability
Grand Coulee
Recreation
Reliability
R
e
l
i
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
(
%
,
m
o
n
t
h
l
y
b
a
s
e
d
)
Control
Period 1
Period 2
Period 3
RCM
2040-2069
60
80
100
120
140
Firm
Hydropower
Annual Flow
Deficit at
McNary
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
o
f
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
R
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n
C
l
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a
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e
PCM Control Climate and
Current Operations
PCM Projected Climate
and Current Operations
PCM Projected
/media/ces/Lettenmaier_Dennis_CES_2010pdf.pdf
Based on a report by
Verta et al. (2007)
92.
5
93.
0
93.
5
94.
0
94.
5
95.
0
M A MJ F J J A S O N D
Mean 19702000
Min and max 1970–2000,
natural rating curve
Target water level zone 1
Target water level zone 2
Q=+20%
Q=+10%
Q= 0%
Q=15%
Q=30%
92.90 m snow target 1
92.70 m snow target 2
Water level (m
)
Month
the regulation limits Lake Syväri has target water level zones, which are not legally
/media/ces/Water_resources_man_Veijalainen_etal.pdf
is required in which the concepts of scale and
governance are framed such that a broad variety of
stakeholders can join the debate and/or the decision
making process.
Responses to this article can be read online at:
http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol16/iss2/art23/
responses/
LITERATURE CITED
Allen, T. F. H., and T.B. Starr. 1982. Hierarchy-
perspectives for ecological complexity. University
/media/loftslag/Kok_and_Veldkamp_editorial_ES-2011-4160.pdf
increase the number of countries
with national and local disaster risk reduction strategies by 2020;f) Substantially enhance international
cooperation to developing countries through adequate and sustainable support to
complement their national actions for implementation of the present Framework
by 2030;g) Substantially increase the availability of and
access to multi-hazard early warning
/about-imo/news/international-day-for-disaster-reduction-13th-of-october-2017-home-safe-home
(measured at 9 am) month/year
rx_dag1
date of 24-hr maximum precipitation month/year
p
average sea level pressure
nh
mean cloud cover, oktas
sun
number of bright sunshine hours
f
mean wind speed (m/s)
Longer series for selected stations
Reykjavík from 1931
Stykkishólmur from 1823
Akureyri from 1931
Grímsstaðir from 1931
Raufarhöfn from 1931
Teigarhorn from 1873
/climatology/data/