the type of
river, with the first letter indicating the primary type. Direct runoff river (D), presence of lakes
(S), glacier-fed river (J), groundwater (L).
Gauging station vhm vhm vhm vhm vhm
19 10 26 66 64
Name Dynjandisá Svartá Sandá Hvítá Ölfusá
Type of river D+L D+L D+L D+J+LL+D+J+S
Drainage area (km 2) 42 397 267 1664 5687
Mean altitude (m a.s.l.) 555 535 391 664 480
% Glacierized area 0
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_006.pdf
combinations indicate the
type of river, with the first letter indicating the primary type. Direct runoff river (D), presence
of lakes (S), glacier-fed river (J), groundwater (L).
Gauging station vhm vhm vhm vhm vhm vhm
19 10 26 145 66 64
Name Dynjandisá Svartá Sandá Vestari- Hvítá Ölfusá
Jökulsá
Type of river D+L D+L D+L D+J+LL+J L+D+J+S
Drainage area (km 2) 42 397 267 850 1664 5687
Mean altitude (m a.s.l
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2013/VI_2013_008.pdf
J600v berg 2.utg) were also used in this study.
Table 1. Main characteristics of river basins used in this study.
River Name Type Area Mean Percentage Mean annual Period
/ (km2) elevation glacier precipitation for
Gauging (m a.s.l) (mm) streamflow
station (1961-2014) data
vhm59 Ytri-Rangá L 622 365 0 1564 1961–2014
vhm64 Ölfusá L+D+J+S 5687 480 12.2 2003 1950–2014
vhm66 Hvítá (Borgarfirði) L+J 1577
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_009.pdf
study and location of catchments. Catchment vhm278 is embedded
within vhm148 and catchment vhm277 is embedded within vhm149.
9
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0 100 200 300
10
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/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_007.pdf
of the index flood method as developed in the
present study with vhm51, vhm52, vhm19 and vhm38.
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Figure 5. Daily flood quantiles at gauged sites: mean relative RMSE
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2014/VI_2014_001.pdf
of events closely.
Photo: Sigurlaug Gunnlaugsdóttir.
Bárðarbunga
Pálmi Erlendsson, Bergur H. Bergsson and others installing GPS and com-
munication equipment. Photos: Þorgils Ingvarsson and Benedikt G. Ófeigsson.
I C E L A N D I C M E T O F F I C E / A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 4
5
The magma intrusion from Bárðarbunga
to the eruption site at Holuhraun and
related tremor pulses
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/IMO_AnnualReport2014.pdf
2015, 2025, 2035 and 2050
North (Blanda) East (Karahnjukar) South (Thorisvatn)
Change in average inflow to the main storage reservoirs
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•Change in temperature
• 0.75 °C/100y 1950-1975
• 1.55
/media/ces/Linnet_Ulfar_CES_2010.pdf
/EPP 2
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/media/loftslag/Group5-Stakeholders_involvement.pdf
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/media/ces/CES_BioFuels_Flyer_new.pdf