Occasional Paper no. 20, Center for
International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.
Pelosi, C., M. Goulard, and G. Balent. 2010. The
spatial scale mismatch between ecological
processes and agricultural management: Do
difficulties come from underlying theoretical
frameworks? Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment
139(4):455-462.
Pierre, J., editor. 2000. Debating governance:
authority
/media/loftslag/Kok_and_Veldkamp_editorial_ES-2011-4160.pdf
and western sides of the crater
lake is a wall of ice. On the northern side a tephra wall rises 20 meters
above the water. The ice walls at the southwestern corner of the crater
are melting, i.e. at the site of the vent that was active 4 – 6 June. The
rate of melting is assumed to be about one cuber meter per second.
Seismic tremor: Low tremor level. Pulses are observed off and on.
Earthquakes
/media/jar/Eyjafjallajokull_status_2010-06-15_IES_IMO.pdf
örugt að fara fyrir Horn í um 10 sml frá landi en það yrði
að hafa góðan útvörð.
Kl.1341, kalla TFB og spyr um ETA í RVK, ETA um kl 1440.
Kl 1305, AIS umferð fyrir N- Horn. Vegna bilunnar í WS 1 var megináhersla lögð á ískönnun í
þessu flugi.
Flugskýrsla TF-SIF
12. desember 2010
Flug nr. 117410.025
Ískönnun.
Meginröndin lá um eftirtalda staði.
1. 67°47.0N 023
/media/hafis/skyrslur_lhg/Isskyrsla_20101212.pdf
those already reported. Oxygen was measured at
normal levels, so there is no evidence of carbon dioxide (CO2)
accumulation, but this was not measured on these devices. Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
was not detected in the cave.An addition hazard is the potential
for roof collapse. During another visit in the past week, an ice block sized
2*4*0.4 m was seen to have collapsed from a side wall near
/about-imo/news/gas-concentrations-in-the-hofsjokull-ice-cave
be displaced and wall plastering might be damaged. Severe damage of well-built dwellings is not expected. The intensity of a large earthquake in this region can reach levels VI-VII on the Mercalli Scale.
It is important to regularly remind all inhabitants in seismically active regions about potential earthquake hazards. People should review their own security measures and preparedness for a large
/about-imo/news/nr/3150
increase
Landslides also occur at central volcanoes without any
volcanic trigger. An example of this is the rockslide in Askja in 2014 where
long term subsidence of a caldera wall, formed in volcanic activity in 1875,
caused the slope instability. The slide is considered to be one of the biggest rock
slides event in Iceland during historical times. More about this landslide in Icelandic can
/volcanoes/volcanic-hazards/landslides/
in the slope of the caldera wall. The peak in tremor is subsequently caused by the debris fall into the lake. The following flood wave in the lake migrated several times back and forth, causing continuing but decreasing tremor that was seen during the next twenty minutes after the rockslide.
There is no evidence for a strong steam explosion in the earthquake data. However it can not be ruled out
/earthquakes-and-volcanism/articles/nr/2921
opportunity. Ármann Höskuldsson, IES, sent an illustrated account of the situation:
The fissure
All the active part of the fissure, at noon 12 September 2014. Photo: Ármann Höskuldsson.
The lava is still advancing in the riverbed of Jökulsá á Fjöllum. A narrow flow with heavy current is between the lava and the eastern wall of the riverbed. Occasionally, small steam explosives occur
/about-imo/news/nr/2985
opportunity. Ármann Höskuldsson, IES, sent an illustrated account of the situation:
The fissure
All the active part of the fissure, at noon 12 September 2014. Photo: Ármann Höskuldsson.
The lava is still advancing in the riverbed of Jökulsá á Fjöllum. A narrow flow with heavy current is between the lava and the eastern wall of the riverbed. Occasionally, small steam explosives occur
/about-imo/news/nr/2985/