buy a "Flybus Plus" ticket, further transportation
from BSÍ terminal in central Reykjavík to the hotel is included. Get a return ticket for smooth transportation back to the airport, the same way you came. You do not need to
book your ticket in advance. The Flybus operates for all arriving
flights, and even in case of flight delays it will wait for the passengers.To get around in ReykjavíkCity
/norsem/norsem2016/transportation/
)
Mean absolute error (MAEµ)
Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSµ) (Nash & Sutcliffe, 1970)
With
RMSEµ(%) =
s
1
N
N
i=1
bµi(D) µi(D)
µi(D)
2
x100 (4)
MAEµ(m
3=s) =
1
N
N
i=1
jbµi(D) µi(D)j (5)
NSµ = 1
Ni=1
bµi(D) µi(D)
2
Ni=1
µi(D) E[µi(D)]
2 (6)
12
where µi(D) is the reference index flood at target site i defined by the arithmetic mean of ob-
served AMF, and N the total number
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_009.pdf
Work Group: Energy System Analysis
http://www.os.is/ces
Energy System Analysis is a Work Group within the Nordic research project Climate and
Energy Systems (2007-2010). This project is in many ways a follow up on the CE-project
(2003-2006), where energy system analyses were carried out for the expected energy
system in 2010 using future climate (2070-2100). That study illustrated future climate
/media/ces/esa_flyer_new.pdf
I C E L A N D I C M E T O F F I C E / A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 4
Monitoring Bárðarbunga
Rifting events, as in Bárðarbunga 2014-2015, are rather rare and can
be part of a rifting episode that lasts months, years or even decades.
One example of a rifting episode on land is Iceland’s Krafla fires in
1975-1984. Whether the Bárðarbunga event is the beginning of a
prolonged episode
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/IMO_AnnualReport2014.pdf
) is considered as a sequence of steps
corresponding to n individual glaciers of different sizes (with volumes vi and areas si for i = 1
to n), or using
V (v) =
Z v
0
1
g
dS
ds
dx ; (7)
where the slope of the area distribution function, dS=ds, is considered as a function of ice vol-
TóJ 5 5.12.2009
Memo
0 50 100 150 200
0
5
10
15
20
25
Cumulative area (km2)
Area
(km
2 )
0 5 10 15
0.
0
0.
5
1.
0
1.
5
2.
0
2.
5/media/ces/ces-glacier-scaling-memo2009-01.pdf
FOREST BIOMASS FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION –
POTENTIALS, MANAGEMENT AND RISKS UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE
Ashraful Alam, Antti Kilpeläinen, Seppo Kellomäki
School of Forest Sciences,
University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu
F t Cli t d R bl E I t Ri k d Ad t tiu ure Cl ma e an enewa e nergy – mpac s, s s an ap a on
Oslo, Norway
2 June, 2010
Contents
• Forestry in Finland
• Challenges
• Objectives
/media/ces/Alam_Ashraful_CES_2010.pdf
ANN−10
−5
0
5
10
15
20
delta w (%
)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17C
h
a
n
g
e
i
n
g
e
o
s
t
r
o
p
h
i
c
w
i
n
d
s
p
e
e
d
(
%
)
Change in wind over the Baltic Sea in 70 years time at the time of CO2-doubling
Chen and Aschberger, 2006
17
CM
IP
G
CM
s
A need for regional ensemble simulations
head2right Changes are uncertain
head2right Size and sometimes even sign
/media/ces/Kjellstrom_Erik_CES_2010.pdf
%
40.00%
50.00%
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
0 1 2 3 4 5
F-Scale Category
Casualties and F-scale
Injuries by F-Scale
30.00%
40.00%
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
0 1 2 3 4 5
F-Scale Category
Why Study Tornadoes
• How do tornadoes kill people, and how
can we reduce casualties?
• Do warnings reduce casualties?
• Do people suffer from low probability
event bias?
• How do manufactured homes and tornado
shelters affect
/media/loftslag/Tornado_Impacts_-_FMI_Presentation.pdf
to receivers when they are obliged to be
matched with a receiver, compared to the situation where they can decide to be alone or to be matched with
a receiver.
Public Choice (2012) 151:91–119 103
which the responder accepted the sender’s distribution, so that s i − 1 is the decision number
minus one of the last decision in which the responder rejected the distribution of the sender.
This individual
/media/loftslag/Public-Choice-2012---Teyssier---Inequity-and-risk-aversion-in-sequential-public-good-games.pdf
three concepts C1, C2, and
C3 with:
state vectorA ¼ ð1;0;1Þ
adjacency matrix E ¼
1 1 0
0:1 0 0
0 0:5 1
0@ 1A
newstate vectorB ¼ A E ¼ ð1;0;1Þ
1 1 0
0:1 0 0
0 0:5 1
0@ 1A
¼ 1 ð1;1;0Þ þ 0 ð0:1;0;0Þ þ 1 ð0;0;5;1Þ
¼ ð1;1;0Þ þ ð0;0;0Þ þ ð0;0;5;1Þ ¼ ð1;1:5;1Þ
The calculation of a new state vector can be repeated infinitely,
during which four possible patterns can emerge: (1) the
concepts can/media/loftslag/Kok_JGEC658_2009.pdf