airframes, especially aero-engines. This might imply loss of
operability, reduction of engine performance and reduced component lifetime.
The entity of the damage is function of several factors, including the exposure
time to the ash, ash chemical properties and flight condition (climb, cruise
and descent). Possible problems on the aircraft could be: Malfunction
or failure in one or more
/volcanoes/grimsvotn-activity/faq/
management process and the role of uncertainty at different stages in the modelling processes. Brief reviews have been made of 14 different
(partly complementary) methods commonly used in uncertainty assessment and characterisation: data uncertainty engine (DUE), error propaga-
tion equations, expert elicitation, extended peer review, inverse modelling (parameter estimation), inverse modelling (predictive
/media/loftslag/Refsgaard_etal-2007-Uncertainty-EMS.pdf
was well within the median and closest to shore, about 50n.m. NW off Straumsnes and 60n.m. W off Barði. The ice-edge density was extensively 4/10 or less than 7-9/10 north off 67°20'N. A considerable diagenis was discovered in the southernmost part of the exploratory territory.
No other dispatches were made during the month.
Easterly and later northeasterly winds were common in the Greenland
/sea-ice/monthly/2007/nr/2300
in the month. One dispatch was received, regarding ice scattering and iceberg quite off shore, or 67°05N and 30°18W and south to 66°33N and 30°09W. Slow northeasterly or variable winds were predominant in the Greenland strait in the month and the ice appeared, according to satellite information, to reduce as the month progressed
/sea-ice/monthly/2007/nr/2304
WNW of Straumnes and the ice was scattered.
Two observations from ships were received 29th November, on a strip at location 66°50´N - 24°36´W and at 67°00´N - 24°02´W. Wind directions were mostly from the northeast and the east, however southwesterlies occurred for a few days at the Greenland Strait
/sea-ice/monthly/2010/nr/2346
but somewhat of icebergs and one dispatch regarding a possible iceberg was received on October 9th at 67°24N and 25°41W. On the 21st sea ice was clearly noticable on satellitepictures, which by then had moved into the Greenland Strait and bordered the Blosseville coast of Greenland. Sea ice was considerably more than average for October. Harsh northerly winds were on the Greenland Strait until
/sea-ice/monthly/2008/nr/2319
a
wealth of scaling techniques and models in the
search for appropriate disciplinary scales to detect
relevant levels of organization. The shift toward
more integrated theory and practice was initiated by
the inclusion of the human factor. As a result, levels
of organization became clearer, systems became
more complex, and interdisciplinarity a necessity.
This culminated in a new research paradigm
/media/loftslag/Kok_and_Veldkamp_editorial_ES-2011-4160.pdf