a seismic network (see Figure 2), several stations must
identify this signal before an audio alarm is set off. If enough stations within a particular filter
vote, a tremor event will be detected in that bandpass filter, and the filter will be put into a
triggered state. At this point, the audio alarm will be sounded in the monitoring room, and a new
tremor event will be added to the tremor catalog
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2021/VI_2021_008.pdf
scenario, precipitation increased by 10–15% from 1961–90 to
2070–99, and by 5–10% for the lower emitting scenarios (corresponding to approximately 0.5–1%
per decade).
The CE project also examined RCM results for Iceland based on the HIRHAM model (Haugen and
Iversen, 2006). These results showed enhanced warming over the interior of Iceland compared with
the coastal zone, and a tendency for enhanced
/media/ces/2010_005_.pdf
model setup are typically too large by up to an order of magnitude.
This, combined with strong forcing at the model boundaries, results in a systematic spatial bias in
low-level wind speed, with too strong winds in coastal regions, and too weak winds in the interior.
Figure 5 shows a comparison of average wind speed at 10 mAGL between the WRF model and
station measurements. Model data is interpolated
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2013/2013_001_Nawri_et_al.pdf
addresses the role of AIWM in coping with the impacts of
climate change on floods and droughts in four case-studies
in three European river basins. The explorative character of
this paper intends to identify general patterns in the char-
acteristics of AIWM and assumes that regimes with a
higher level of AIWM consider and implement more
advanced and a more diverse set of structural and non-
structural
/media/loftslag/Huntjens_etal-2010-Climate-change-adaptation-Reg_Env_Change.pdf
measurements instead of river
discharge data. The National Energy Authority has supported this work with contracts on
8
hydrological modelling and groundwater research. The model was then used to make a
future projection of runoff for two watersheds in Iceland for the period of 2021–2050
(Einarsson & Jónsson, 2010).
The WaSiM model (Jasper et al., 2002; Jasper & Kaufmann, 2003) was first set up
/media/ces/2010_017.pdf
of Akureyri
Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland
KAUST, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
Húsavík Academic Center
Icelandic Meteorological Office
Earthquake Engineering Research Centre, University of Iceland
Civil Protection Department, National Commisioner of the Icelandic Police
Iceland Catastrophe Insurance
Husavik Academic centre
Ministry of the Interior/about-imo/news/nr/2701
a relaxation zone
of 10 grid points, wherein the coarse-resolution outer data from the host model is blended with
the high-resolution data within the dependent model domain. At the upper boundary, defined as
the 10-hPa isobaric surface, vertical velocity is set to zero.
Since the purpose of this study is to conduct a sensitivity rather than a climatological analysis,
only three individual days
/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_006.pdf
and validation periods ....................................................................... 35
Appendix III - Instantaneous index flood µi(D = 0), flood frequency distribution
and growth curves, derived by QDF modelling of WaSiM daily flow simulations ... 41
Appendix IV - Estimated flood frequency distributions at target sites treated as
ungauged, using the best IFM for each set/media/vedurstofan/utgafa/skyrslur/2015/VI_2015_007.pdf
The hydrological simulations were performed with the Wa-
tershed Simulation and Forecasting System (WSFS) developed
and operated in the Finnish Environment Institute (Vehviläinen
et al., 2005). The WSFS is used in Finland for operational hydrolog-
ical forecasting and flood warnings (www.environment.fi/water-
forecast/), regulation planning and research purposes
(Vehviläinen and Huttunen, 1997
/media/ces/Journal_of_Hydrology_Veijalainen_etal.pdf
The location of the watersheds (and the two subcatchments of vhm 144, vhm 269 and vhm
167) is shown on Figure 1.
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Figure 1. Location of the partly glacier covered watershed Austari-Jökulsá, vhm
144 (and its subcatchments vhm 167 and vhm 269) and the non-glacier covered
watershed Sandá í Þistilfirði, vhm 26.
The WaSiM model (Jasper et al., 2002; Jasper & Kaufmann, 2003) was first set up
/media/ces/2010_016.pdf