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101 = whole country
111
/about-imo/the-web/iframes/wind-temp-precip/
be copied to your html file where the frame should appear:
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/about-imo/the-web/iframes/wst-txt-obs/
is presented in
Table 2. The table shows which type of data would be available during the different phases of
a volcano reactivation timeline. Which type of products would be produced according to the
data and the usage of these products is also reported as function of time.
In this representation a long-term hazard assessment evolves into a short-term hazard assess-
ment and possibly even further
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2020/VI_2020_004.pdf
and taking a long-term view (see e.g. [2]).
Technological Forecasting & Social Change 78 (2011) 835–851
Corresponding author.
E-mail addresses: kasper.kok@wur.nl (K. Kok), lasut@iiasa.ac.at (I. Bärlund), lasut@iiasa.ac.at (A. Dubel), ilona.baerlund@ufz.de (J. Sendzimir).
0040-1625/$ – see front matter ? 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2011.01.004
Contents lists
/media/loftslag/Kok_et_al._TFSC_published_2011.pdf
-based and 10 based on IPCC GCM
simulations. The choice of the GCM models was based on their SAT
performance for the present-day climate near Iceland as mentioned above.
2. For GCM-based scenarios, temperature change in the highland interior of
Iceland, where the large ice caps are located, were increased by 25% based on
the results of RCM downscaling (Nawri & Björnsson, 2010).
3. Expected
/media/ces/2010_016.pdf
countries in
hydrological climate change studies, and in Scandinavia HBV is
the most commonly used model type (Vehviläinen and Huttunen,
Table 2
Climate scenarios used in the study (Finnish Meteorological Institute, ENSEMBLES data archive) and their projected annual changes in temperature and precipitation in Finland by
2070–2099 compared with the reference period 1971–2000. The greatest
/media/ces/Journal_of_Hydrology_Veijalainen_etal.pdf
Av. Ed.
Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
Received: 21 March 2011 – Published in The Cryosphere Discuss.: 6 April 2011
Revised: 5 October 2011 – Accepted: 20 October 2011 – Published: 2 November 2011
Abstract. The Little Ice Age maximum extent of glaciers in
Iceland was reached about 1890 AD and most glaciers in the
country have retreated during the 20th century. A model for
the surface mass balance
/media/ces/Adalgeirsdottir-etal-tc-5-961-2011.pdf
Considerable flooding
2
3.000–10.000
Great flooding
3
10.000–30.000
Large flooding
4
30.000–100.000
Catastrophic flooding
5
>100.000Eystri Skaftárketill jökulhlaup, November 2015. Chucks of ice were carried with the flood. Photo: Tómas Jóhannesson.
Jökulhlaups can be categorized to different groups depending
on their origin:
Jökulhlaups
/volcanoes/volcanic-hazards/glacial-outburst/
: 115 km towards SW and 55 km towards NNE from Bárðarbunga
Trend: Veidivötn fissure swarm NE-SW, Dyngjuháls fissure swarm NNE-SSW
Ice cover: Partial
Type of activity: Lava effusion, explosive phreatomagmatic
Magma type: Basalt
Eruption characteristics:
Type of products: Airborne tephra, lava flows, water transported tephra
VEI Max: VEI 5-6; most freq: VEI 1-2
Bulk volume
/media/jar/Bardarbunga_kafli20140825.pdf