the principalmethods have not changed much over the years, theamount of field work has varied. In the first 15 yearsthe monitoring programme at Storbreen was com-prehensive, often three or more snow density pits
were dug, snow depth was measured at about 600points and ablation was measured on 30 stakes
evenly distri uted on the glacier (Liestøl 1967).Based on experience of the snow pattern, the ob-
servations
/media/ces/GA_2009_91A_4_Andreassen.pdf
1991 to 2000 are being analyzed. The period
includes two large earthquakes in year 2000, both of them of the magnitude 6.5. The analysis involves
improving earthquake locations in order to determine if in situ changes do exist in the area (down to
~0.5% significance level), with the ultimate goal of locating them at relatively high spatial resolution
(~10x10x3 km3). With such a high
/media/norsem/norsem_ingi.pdf
(-33%) during 1970 to 2004 has been smaller than the com-
bined effect of global income growth (77%) and global population
growth (69%); both drivers of increasing energy-related CO2 emis-
sions. The long-term trend of declining CO2 emissions per unit of en-
ergy supplied reversed after 2000. {WGIII 1.3, Figure SPM.2, SPM}
Differences in per capita income, per capita emissions and
energy
/media/loftslag/IPPC-2007-ar4_syr.pdf
& Höskuldsson, 2003; C: Thorarinsson et al., 1973; D: Williams & Moore, 1976; E: This
report; F: Mattsson & Höskuldsson, 2005; G: Thordarson, 2000; H: Sigmarsson, 1996
2Lava volume DRE has been calculated using a porosity of 10% as estimated by (Mattsson & Höskuldsson, 2003) for the Helgafell 5900 BP eruption
3The flow rates provided here are eruption averages based on the total volume
/media/vedurstofan-utgafa-2020/VI_2020_011_en.pdf
for people to conceptualise
and to relate to their daily activities, arguably because it cannot be easily translated
into the language of popular culture (Ungar, 2000; see also mental models of cli-
mate change by Bostrom et al., 1994; Kempton, 1997; discussed later). Secondly,
the various datasets available detailing public opinions and attitudes on climate
PUBLIC VIEWS ON CLIMATE CHANGE: EUROPEAN
/media/loftslag/Lorenzoni_Pidgeon_2006.pdf
of the earthquake, M4, and the red dots smaller earthquakes. The violet lines show mapped seismic fissures in South Iceland (Páll Einarsson et al.) and the gray dots are well located earthquakes (processed) from 2000 (Sigurlaug Hjaltadóttir).
News
2023
2022
2021
/about-imo/news/bigimg/2888
at the Reykjanes peninsula during the period from January 2000 until June 2015. Blue lines represent known faults which have been active in Holocene or Recent Epoch, i.e. after the ice age (Páll Einarsson, 2015). Also shown in yellow are volcanic systems with fissure swarms (Páll Einarsson and Kristján Sæmundsson, 1987). Enlarge
/about-imo/news/bigimg/3150
in the
area occurred in the years of 1929, 1968 and 2000. The earthquakes in 1968 and
2000 were around magnitude M5.5, with epicenter north of lake Hlíðarvatn. The
epicenter of the 1929 earthquake was most likely further to the west, at
Brennisteinsfjöll mountains. The magnitude of that earthquake was around M6.2.
Smaller earthquakes, around M4, are recorded regularly in the area, for example
/about-imo/news/earthquakes-around-blafjoll-ski-are
of the
hazard are related to how risky the hazard is perceived to
be (e.g., dread, unknown, and exposure, Fischhoff et al.
1978)
4. Cultural theory (Douglas, 1978; Douglas & Wildavsky,
1982)- worldviews are important for how we respond to
risks: egalitarians, individualists, hierarchists, and fatalists
(Sjöberg, 2000)
4
(1) Environmental risks
• Uncertain and have strongly delayed consequences, occurring
/media/loftslag/Eriksson_1-Risk-perception.pdf